steipete · Carl723000 · Jul 30, 2026 · Aug 2, 2026 · Aug 2, 2026
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 ## 0.46.1 — Unreleased
 
 ### Added
+- Refresh: add a default-off global Low Power Mode that limits automatic provider, local usage, and storage work to once every 30 minutes while keeping manual refresh immediate (#2518). Thanks @Carl723000!
 - Claude: compact multi-account menu for claude-swap — with four or more accounts the active account keeps its full card while the others become one-line rows sorted by remaining headroom, constrained accounts surface in red/amber, the healthiest switch target gets a star, and the healthy tail folds behind a summary row. Click a row to expand its full card.
 - Menu: the compact multi-account layout now covers every stacked multi-account list — token accounts on any provider and Codex accounts (flat lists; workspace-grouped Codex lists keep their sections).
 

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy {
+    static let lowPowerMinimumInterval: TimeInterval = 30 * 60
+
+    static func automaticInterval(
+        _ requested: TimeInterval?,
+        lowPowerModeEnabled: Bool) -> TimeInterval?
+    {
+        guard let requested else { return nil }
+        guard lowPowerModeEnabled else { return requested }
+        return max(requested, self.lowPowerMinimumInterval)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/PreferencesGeneralPane.swift
@@ -174,6 +174,14 @@ struct GeneralPane: View {
 
                 Toggle(L("refresh_on_open_title"), isOn: self.$settings.refreshAllProvidersOnMenuOpen)
 
+                Toggle(isOn: self.$settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled) {
+                    SettingsRowLabel(
+                        L("Low Power Mode"),
+                        subtitle: L(
+                            "Runs automatic provider, local usage, and storage refreshes no more often than every " +
+                                "30 minutes. Manual refresh remains available."))
+                }
+
                 Toggle(isOn: self.$settings.statusChecksEnabled) {
                     SettingsRowLabel(
                         L("check_provider_status_title"),

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/Providers/Codex/CodexProviderImplementation.swift
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ struct CodexProviderImplementation: ProviderImplementation {
                 onAppearWhenEnabled: nil),
             ProviderSettingsToggleDescriptor(
                 id: "codex-openai-web-battery-saver",
-                title: "Battery Saver",
+                title: "OpenAI web battery saver",
                 subtitle: [
                     "Limits background chatgpt.com refreshes to reduce battery and network usage.",
                     "Dashboard extras may stay stale until you refresh them manually.",

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings b/Sources/CodexBar/Resources/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings
@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@
 "Login failed" = "登录失败";
 "Login shell PATH (startup capture)" = "登录 shell PATH（启动时捕获）";
 "Login timed out" = "登录超时";
+"Low Power Mode" = "低功耗模式";
 "MCP details" = "MCP 详情";
 "Managed Codex accounts unavailable" = "托管 Codex 账户不可用";
 "Managed account storage is unreadable. Live account access is still available, " = "托管账户存储不可读。实时账户访问仍可用，";
@@ -244,6 +245,7 @@
 "Open menu" = "打开菜单";
 "Open token file" = "打开令牌文件";
 "OpenAI cookies" = "OpenAI Cookie";
+"OpenAI web battery saver" = "OpenAI 网页省电";
 "OpenAI web extras" = "OpenAI Web 附加功能";
 "Option A" = "选项 A";
 "Option B" = "选项 B";
@@ -278,6 +280,7 @@
 "Quit CodexBar" = "退出 CodexBar";
 "Random (default)" = "随机（默认）";
 "Reads local usage logs. Shows today + last 30 days cost in the menu." = "读取本地用量日志。在菜单中显示今天及所选历史窗口的费用。";
+"Runs automatic provider, local usage, and storage refreshes no more often than every 30 minutes. Manual refresh remains available." = "自动供应商刷新、本地用量扫描和存储扫描最多每 30 分钟运行一次；仍可随时手动刷新。";
 "Refresh" = "刷新";
 "Refreshing" = "正在刷新";
 "Refresh cadence" = "刷新频率";

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore+Defaults.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore+Defaults.swift
@@ -704,6 +704,22 @@ extension SettingsStore {
         }
     }
 
+    var backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled: Bool {
+        get { self.defaultsState.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled }
+        set {
+            self.defaultsState.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled = newValue
+            self.userDefaults.set(newValue, forKey: "backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled")
+            CodexBarLog.logger(LogCategories.settings).info(
+                "Background work low power mode updated",
+                metadata: ["enabled": newValue ? "1" : "0"])
+            self.noteBackgroundWorkSettingsChanged()
+        }
+    }
+
+    var effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaverEnabled: Bool {
+        self.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled || self.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled
+    }
+
     var providerStorageFootprintsEnabled: Bool {
         get { self.defaultsState.providerStorageFootprintsEnabled }
         set {

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore+MenuObservation.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore+MenuObservation.swift
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ extension SettingsStore {
         _ = self.codexSparkUsageVisible
         _ = self.openAIWebAccessEnabled
         _ = self.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled
+        _ = self.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled
         _ = self.providerStorageFootprintsEnabled
         _ = self.agentSessionsEnabled
         _ = self.agentSessionLabelStyle

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStore.swift
@@ -509,6 +509,8 @@ extension SettingsStore {
         if Self.isRunningTests, openAIWebBatterySaverDefault == nil {
             userDefaults.set(false, forKey: "openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled")
         }
+        let backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled =
+            userDefaults.object(forKey: "backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled") as? Bool ?? false
         let providerStorageFootprintsDefault = userDefaults.object(forKey: "providerStorageFootprintsEnabled") as? Bool
         let providerStorageFootprintsEnabled = providerStorageFootprintsDefault ?? false
         if Self.isRunningTests, providerStorageFootprintsDefault == nil {
@@ -591,6 +593,7 @@ extension SettingsStore {
             codexSparkUsageVisible: codexSparkUsageVisible,
             openAIWebAccessEnabled: openAIWebAccessEnabled,
             openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled: openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled,
+            backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled: backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled,
             providerStorageFootprintsEnabled: providerStorageFootprintsEnabled,
             jetbrainsIDEBasePath: jetbrainsIDEBasePath,
             mergeIcons: mergeIcons,

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStoreState.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/SettingsStoreState.swift
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ struct SettingsDefaultsState {
     var codexSparkUsageVisible: Bool
     var openAIWebAccessEnabled: Bool
     var openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled: Bool
+    var backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled: Bool
     var providerStorageFootprintsEnabled: Bool
     var jetbrainsIDEBasePath: String
     var mergeIcons: Bool

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+AdaptiveRefresh.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+AdaptiveRefresh.swift
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@ import Foundation
 /// logging the resulting decision, and applying the DEBUG-only sleep-duration override used by
 /// tests. Split out of UsageStore.swift to keep that file's class body under the lint line limit.
 extension UsageStore {
+    nonisolated static func effectiveAutomaticRefreshInterval(
+        _ requested: TimeInterval?,
+        lowPowerModeEnabled: Bool) -> TimeInterval?
+    {
+        BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.automaticInterval(
+            requested,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: lowPowerModeEnabled)
+    }
+
     func effectiveTimerSleepDuration(_ computed: Duration) -> Duration {
         #if DEBUG
         self.refreshTimerSleepOverrideForTesting ?? computed
@@ -50,7 +59,11 @@ extension UsageStore {
             lastCodingActivityAt: self.settings.adaptiveActivityScanningEnabled ? self.lastCodingActivityAt : nil,
             lowPowerModeEnabled: ProcessInfo.processInfo.isLowPowerModeEnabled,
             thermalState: ProcessInfo.processInfo.thermalState)
-        let candidate = date.addingTimeInterval(TimeInterval(decision.delay.components.seconds))
+        let requestedDelay = TimeInterval(decision.delay.components.seconds)
+        let effectiveDelay = Self.effectiveAutomaticRefreshInterval(
+            requestedDelay,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled) ?? requestedDelay
+        let candidate = date.addingTimeInterval(effectiveDelay)
         guard Self.shouldAdvanceAdaptiveTimer(
             scheduledAt: self.adaptiveRefreshScheduledAt,
             candidate: candidate)
@@ -123,9 +136,16 @@ extension UsageStore {
                 : nil,
             lowPowerModeEnabled: ProcessInfo.processInfo.isLowPowerModeEnabled,
             thermalState: ProcessInfo.processInfo.thermalState)
-        store.adaptiveRefreshScheduledAt = now.addingTimeInterval(TimeInterval(decision.delay.components.seconds))
+        let requestedDelay = TimeInterval(decision.delay.components.seconds)
+        let effectiveDelay = Self.effectiveAutomaticRefreshInterval(
+            requestedDelay,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: store.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled) ?? requestedDelay
+        #if DEBUG
+        store.adaptiveRefreshComputedIntervalForTesting = effectiveDelay
+        #endif
+        store.adaptiveRefreshScheduledAt = now.addingTimeInterval(effectiveDelay)
         store.logAdaptiveRefreshDecision(decision)
-        return store.effectiveTimerSleepDuration(decision.delay)
+        return store.effectiveTimerSleepDuration(.seconds(effectiveDelay))
     }
 
     /// The refresh interval scheduling *heuristics* (reset-boundary refresh, OpenAI web staleness,
@@ -136,7 +156,7 @@ extension UsageStore {
     /// resolves to what `AdaptiveRefreshPolicy` would decide right now from live signals, so those
     /// heuristics stay active and roughly proportionate instead of silently behaving like manual.
     func normalRefreshIntervalForHeuristics() -> TimeInterval? {
-        switch self.settings.refreshFrequency {
+        let requested: TimeInterval? = switch self.settings.refreshFrequency {
         case .manual:
             nil
         case .adaptive, .adaptiveAgentAware:
@@ -151,5 +171,8 @@ extension UsageStore {
         default:
             self.settings.refreshFrequency.seconds
         }
+        return Self.effectiveAutomaticRefreshInterval(
+            requested,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled)
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+Logging.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+Logging.swift
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ extension UsageStore {
             "ollamaCookieSource": self.settings.ollamaCookieSource.rawValue,
             "openAIWebAccess": self.settings.openAIWebAccessEnabled ? "1" : "0",
             "openAIWebBatterySaver": self.settings.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled ? "1" : "0",
+            "backgroundWorkLowPowerMode": self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled ? "1" : "0",
+            "effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaver": self.settings.effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaverEnabled ? "1" : "0",
             "claudeWebExtras": self.settings.claudeWebExtrasEnabled ? "1" : "0",
             "kiloExtras": self.settings.kiloExtrasEnabled ? "1" : "0",
         ]

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+OpenAIWeb.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+OpenAIWeb.swift
@@ -99,13 +99,13 @@ extension UsageStore {
         let stamp = now.formatted(date: .abbreviated, time: .shortened)
         self.logOpenAIWeb("[\(stamp)] OpenAI web refresh request: \(reason)")
         let forceRefresh = Self.forceOpenAIWebRefreshForStaleRequest(
-            batterySaverEnabled: self.settings.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled) || needsMenuHistoryRefresh
+            batterySaverEnabled: self.settings.effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaverEnabled) || needsMenuHistoryRefresh
         self.openAIWebLogger.info(
             "OpenAI web stale refresh gate",
             metadata: [
                 "reason": reason,
                 "force": forceRefresh ? "1" : "0",
-                "batterySaverEnabled": self.settings.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled ? "1" : "0",
+                "batterySaverEnabled": self.settings.effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaverEnabled ? "1" : "0",
                 "interaction": ProviderInteractionContext.current == .userInitiated ? "user" : "background",
             ])
         let expectedGuard = self.freshCodexOpenAIWebRefreshGuard()

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+ProviderStorage.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+ProviderStorage.swift
@@ -9,7 +9,11 @@ extension UsageStore {
         let signature: String
     }
 
-    private static let automaticStorageRefreshInterval: TimeInterval = 5 * 60
+    nonisolated static func automaticStorageRefreshInterval(lowPowerModeEnabled: Bool) -> TimeInterval {
+        BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.automaticInterval(
+            5 * 60,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: lowPowerModeEnabled) ?? 5 * 60
+    }
 
     var isStorageRefreshInFlight: Bool {
         self.storageRefreshTask != nil
@@ -102,7 +106,8 @@ extension UsageStore {
         if !force {
             if self.lastStorageRefreshRequestKey == requestKey,
                let lastStorageRefreshAt,
-               now.timeIntervalSince(lastStorageRefreshAt) < Self.automaticStorageRefreshInterval
+               now.timeIntervalSince(lastStorageRefreshAt) < Self.automaticStorageRefreshInterval(
+                   lowPowerModeEnabled: self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled)
             {
                 return
             }

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+RefreshEnrichment.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+RefreshEnrichment.swift
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ extension UsageStore {
             accessEnabled: self.isEnabled(.codex) &&
                 self.settings.openAIWebAccessEnabled &&
                 self.settings.codexCookieSource.isEnabled,
-            batterySaverEnabled: self.settings.openAIWebBatterySaverEnabled,
+            batterySaverEnabled: self.settings.effectiveOpenAIWebBatterySaverEnabled,
             force: force,
             refreshPhase: refreshPhase)
         let shouldRefreshOpenAIWeb = Self.shouldRunOpenAIWebRefresh(refreshPolicy)

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+ResetBoundaryRefresh.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore+ResetBoundaryRefresh.swift
@@ -11,9 +11,13 @@ extension UsageStore {
         normalRefreshInterval: TimeInterval?,
         now: Date = Date())
     {
+        let minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval = self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled
+            ? BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.lowPowerMinimumInterval
+            : nil
         guard let candidate = Self.nextResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate(
             snapshots: self.snapshots,
             normalRefreshInterval: normalRefreshInterval,
+            minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval: minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval,
             attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: self.attemptedResetBoundaryRefreshes,
             now: now)
         else {
@@ -67,13 +71,15 @@ extension UsageStore {
     nonisolated static func nextResetBoundaryRefreshDate(
         snapshots: [UsageProvider: UsageSnapshot],
         normalRefreshInterval: TimeInterval?,
+        minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval: TimeInterval? = nil,
         attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: Set<Date> = [],
         now: Date)
         -> Date?
     {
         self.nextResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate(
             snapshots: snapshots,
             normalRefreshInterval: normalRefreshInterval,
+            minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval: minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval,
             attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: attemptedBoundaryRefreshes,
             now: now)?
             .refreshAt
@@ -86,18 +92,21 @@ extension UsageStore {
     private nonisolated static func nextResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate(
         snapshots: [UsageProvider: UsageSnapshot],
         normalRefreshInterval: TimeInterval?,
+        minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval: TimeInterval?,
         attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: Set<Date> = [],
         now: Date)
         -> ResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate?
     {
         guard let normalRefreshInterval else { return nil }
         let normalRefreshDate = now.addingTimeInterval(normalRefreshInterval)
+        let earliestAutomaticRefreshDate = minimumAutomaticRefreshInterval.map(now.addingTimeInterval)
         return snapshots.values
             .flatMap { snapshot in
                 Self.resetBoundaryRefreshCandidates(
                     snapshot: snapshot,
                     now: now,
                     normalRefreshDate: normalRefreshDate,
+                    earliestAutomaticRefreshDate: earliestAutomaticRefreshDate,
                     attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: attemptedBoundaryRefreshes)
             }
             .min { $0.refreshAt < $1.refreshAt }
@@ -107,6 +116,7 @@ extension UsageStore {
         snapshot: UsageSnapshot,
         now: Date,
         normalRefreshDate: Date,
+        earliestAutomaticRefreshDate: Date?,
         attemptedBoundaryRefreshes: Set<Date>)
         -> [ResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate]
     {
@@ -116,10 +126,14 @@ extension UsageStore {
             guard !attemptedBoundaryRefreshes.contains(boundaryRefreshAt) else { return nil }
             guard boundaryRefreshAt <= normalRefreshDate else { return nil }
             guard snapshot.updatedAt < boundaryRefreshAt else { return nil }
+            let minimumDelayRefreshAt = now.addingTimeInterval(Self.resetBoundaryRefreshMinimumDelaySeconds)
+            let earliestAllowedRefreshAt = max(
+                minimumDelayRefreshAt,
+                earliestAutomaticRefreshDate ?? minimumDelayRefreshAt)
+            let refreshAt = max(boundaryRefreshAt, earliestAllowedRefreshAt)
+            guard refreshAt <= normalRefreshDate else { return nil }
             return ResetBoundaryRefreshCandidate(
-                refreshAt: max(
-                    boundaryRefreshAt,
-                    now.addingTimeInterval(Self.resetBoundaryRefreshMinimumDelaySeconds)),
+                refreshAt: refreshAt,
                 boundaryRefreshAt: boundaryRefreshAt)
         }
     }

diff --git a/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore.swift b/Sources/CodexBar/UsageStore.swift
@@ -379,14 +379,22 @@ final class UsageStore {
     static let minimumTokenFetchTTL: TimeInterval = 5 * 60
 
     var tokenFetchTTL: TimeInterval? {
-        Self.tokenFetchTTL(for: self.settings.refreshFrequency)
+        Self.tokenFetchTTL(
+            for: self.settings.refreshFrequency,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled)
     }
 
-    static func tokenFetchTTL(for frequency: RefreshFrequency) -> TimeInterval? {
+    static func tokenFetchTTL(
+        for frequency: RefreshFrequency,
+        lowPowerModeEnabled: Bool = false) -> TimeInterval?
+    {
         let interval = frequency.usesAdaptivePolicy
             ? AdaptiveRefreshPolicy.nominalIntervalForHeuristics
             : frequency.seconds
-        return interval.map { max($0, Self.minimumTokenFetchTTL) }
+        let widgetSafeInterval = interval.map { max($0, Self.minimumTokenFetchTTL) }
+        return BackgroundWorkPowerPolicy.automaticInterval(
+            widgetSafeInterval,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: lowPowerModeEnabled)
     }
 
     @ObservationIgnored let tokenFetchTimeout: TimeInterval = 10 * 60
@@ -783,6 +791,8 @@ final class UsageStore {
 
     #if DEBUG
     @ObservationIgnored private(set) var refreshTimerSleepOverrideForTesting: Duration?
+    @ObservationIgnored private(set) var fixedRefreshIntervalForTesting: TimeInterval?
+    @ObservationIgnored var adaptiveRefreshComputedIntervalForTesting: TimeInterval?
 
     /// Sets this store's timer sleep override and restarts the timer with it applied, so tests can
     /// observe multiple fixed/adaptive ticks without waiting real minutes. The reason/delay a tick
@@ -798,6 +808,10 @@ final class UsageStore {
     private func startTimer(preservingResetBoundaryRefresh: Bool = false) {
         self.timerTask?.cancel()
         self.adaptiveRefreshScheduledAt = nil
+        #if DEBUG
+        self.fixedRefreshIntervalForTesting = nil
+        self.adaptiveRefreshComputedIntervalForTesting = nil
+        #endif
         if !preservingResetBoundaryRefresh {
             self.cancelResetBoundaryRefresh()
         }
@@ -822,8 +836,12 @@ final class UsageStore {
             return
         }
 
-        guard let wait = frequency.seconds else { return }
+        guard let wait = Self.effectiveAutomaticRefreshInterval(
+            frequency.seconds,
+            lowPowerModeEnabled: self.settings.backgroundWorkLowPowerModeEnabled)
+        else { return }
         #if DEBUG
+        self.fixedRefreshIntervalForTesting = wait
         let fixedTimerSleepOverride = self.refreshTimerSleepOverrideForTesting
         #else
         let fixedTimerSleepOverride: Duration? = nil