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5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions kubernetes/apis/sandbox/v1alpha1/batchsandbox_types.go
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -80,6 +80,11 @@ type BatchSandboxCondition struct {
}

// BatchSandboxSpec defines the desired state of BatchSandbox.
// spec.poolRef may only be set on an unbound sandbox ("" or "*"), or cleared to
// detach; re-pointing a bound sandbox to a different pool is rejected because
// the previous pool would recycle the in-use pods while the stale allocation
// record blocks the new pool from supplying replacements.
// +kubebuilder:validation:XValidation:rule="!has(oldSelf.poolRef) || size(oldSelf.poolRef) == 0 || oldSelf.poolRef == '*' || !has(self.poolRef) || size(self.poolRef) == 0 || self.poolRef == oldSelf.poolRef",message="spec.poolRef cannot be re-pointed to a different pool; clear it first to detach"

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Blocking: this rule raises the project Kubernetes compatibility floor to >= 1.25, conflicting with what the repo claims and tests today.

x-kubernetes-validations with oldSelf (transition rules) requires Kubernetes >= 1.25 to be accepted and enforced (GA in 1.29). On 1.23/1.24 it is behind the ValidationRules feature gate (off by default), and on < 1.23 the field is rejected outright — the CRD cannot be installed on those clusters at all.

But this repo currently:

  • Runs e2e on Kind 1.21.1 / 1.22.4 / 1.24.4 in CI (.github/workflows/kubernetes-test.yml), and the e2e suite installs the CRDs via make install (test/e2e/e2e_test.go) — those legs will fail at CRD apply.
  • Declares kubeVersion: ">=1.21.1-0" in charts/opensandbox-controller/Chart.yaml, says "Kubernetes 1.21.1+" in the chart README, and defaults local e2e to KIND_K8S_VERSION=v1.22.4 (kubernetes/Makefile).

So the "Breaking Changes: None" claim in the PR description is not accurate — this effectively drops support for < 1.25 clusters. We need a maintainer decision before merge:

  1. Raise the documented/CI support floor to >= 1.25 (update Chart.yaml kubeVersion, chart README, CI e2e matrix, local e2e default), or
  2. Enforce the invariant with a version-agnostic mechanism (validating admission webhook, or a controller-side guard that rejects/events on re-pointing).

The rule logic itself is correct for the documented transitions (initial bind, "*" -> name write-back, detach, no-op); the concern is purely deployment-surface compatibility.

@tomsen02 tomsen02 Aug 12, 2026

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Thanks — you're right. My earlier statement that the older-version CI matrix continued to pass was not supported; this PR has only run the auto-label check.

I also checked the existing validation infrastructure. OpenSandbox does not currently enable a validating webhook, so replacing the CEL rule with one would add a new deployment surface (webhook service/certificates and Helm/Kustomize wiring). A controller-side rollback cannot reject the update at admission time and may race with the old pool's orphan cleanup.

I agree that raising the Kubernetes support floor should not be done implicitly in this bug fix. Would you prefer introducing validating-webhook support for this invariant, or handling pool-to-pool re-pointing as an explicit safe controller transition? I'm happy to revise the PR once the intended direction is clear.

AI usage disclosure: I used OpenAI Codex to inspect the repository's existing validation/controller paths and help draft this response; I reviewed the conclusions before posting.

type BatchSandboxSpec struct {
// Replicas is the number of desired replicas.
// +kubebuilder:validation:Required
Expand Down
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -96,7 +96,12 @@ spec:
metadata:
type: object
spec:
description: BatchSandboxSpec defines the desired state of BatchSandbox.
description: |-
BatchSandboxSpec defines the desired state of BatchSandbox.
spec.poolRef may only be set on an unbound sandbox ("" or "*"), or cleared to
detach; re-pointing a bound sandbox to a different pool is rejected because
the previous pool would recycle the in-use pods while the stale allocation
record blocks the new pool from supplying replacements.
properties:
expireTime:
description: |-
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -148,6 +153,12 @@ spec:
required:
- replicas
type: object
x-kubernetes-validations:

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P1 Badge Raise the Kubernetes minimum before adding CEL rules

On clusters that this chart still advertises as supported (kubernetes/charts/opensandbox-controller/Chart.yaml:27 is >=1.21.1-0), this CRD feature is not available: Kubernetes only graduated CRD validation rules / x-kubernetes-validations to beta in 1.25 (Kubernetes blog). For 1.21–1.24 installs the poolRef transition guard is not enforced, or the CRD can be rejected under strict field validation, so the re-point bug remains or upgrades fail while still inside the declared support window; please either raise the chart/docs minimum to a CEL-capable Kubernetes version or provide a non-CEL fallback.

Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.

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Thanks for the catch — I verified the details before responding:

  • On Kubernetes < 1.25 the apiextensions API server silently drops the x-kubernetes-validations field when the CRD is applied: the CRD still installs, and there is no upgrade breakage — the rule is simply not enforced there. This matches the CI matrix continuing to pass on 1.21.1 / 1.22.4 / 1.24.4 with this PR.
  • So the failure mode on 1.21–1.24 is "guard absent, behavior identical to today's status quo" (the re-point defect simply remains unfixed on those versions), not a rejected CRD or a failed upgrade.

Given that, this PR intentionally degrades gracefully rather than narrowing the declared support window (kubeVersion: ">=1.21.1-0" spans all three charts and the CI matrix still exercises 1.21–1.24): clusters on 1.25+ get the admission-time guard, older clusters keep exactly their current behavior.

Whether to raise the chart kubeVersion floor to a CEL-capable version is a support-window decision I'd rather leave to maintainers — happy to bump it in this PR, or document the limitation instead, whichever is preferred.

- message: spec.poolRef cannot be re-pointed to a different pool; clear
it first to detach
rule: '!has(oldSelf.poolRef) || size(oldSelf.poolRef) == 0 || oldSelf.poolRef
== ''*'' || !has(self.poolRef) || size(self.poolRef) == 0 || self.poolRef
== oldSelf.poolRef'
status:
description: BatchSandboxStatus defines the observed state of BatchSandbox.
properties:
Expand Down
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -87,7 +87,12 @@ spec:
metadata:
type: object
spec:
description: BatchSandboxSpec defines the desired state of BatchSandbox.
description: |-
BatchSandboxSpec defines the desired state of BatchSandbox.
spec.poolRef may only be set on an unbound sandbox ("" or "*"), or cleared to
detach; re-pointing a bound sandbox to a different pool is rejected because
the previous pool would recycle the in-use pods while the stale allocation
record blocks the new pool from supplying replacements.
properties:
expireTime:
description: |-
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -139,6 +144,12 @@ spec:
required:
- replicas
type: object
x-kubernetes-validations:
- message: spec.poolRef cannot be re-pointed to a different pool; clear
it first to detach
rule: '!has(oldSelf.poolRef) || size(oldSelf.poolRef) == 0 || oldSelf.poolRef
== ''*'' || !has(self.poolRef) || size(self.poolRef) == 0 || self.poolRef
== oldSelf.poolRef'
status:
description: BatchSandboxStatus defines the observed state of BatchSandbox.
properties:
Expand Down
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
// Copyright 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Ltd.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package controller

import (
"time"

v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/fields"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/rand"
"k8s.io/client-go/util/retry"
"k8s.io/utils/ptr"
kclient "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"

"github.com/alibaba/OpenSandbox/sandbox-k8s/internal/utils/fieldindex"
. "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
. "github.com/onsi/gomega"

sandboxv1alpha1 "github.com/alibaba/OpenSandbox/sandbox-k8s/apis/sandbox/v1alpha1"
)

// Regression tests for the spec.poolRef CEL transition rule. Re-pointing a
// bound BatchSandbox to a different pool used to make the previous pool
// recycle the in-use pod while the stale allocation record blocked the new
// pool from supplying a replacement, leaving the sandbox permanently starved.
var _ = Describe("BatchSandbox poolRef immutability", func() {
var (
timeout = 15 * time.Second
interval = 1 * time.Second
)

Context("when a bound BatchSandbox attempts to re-point its poolRef", func() {
var (
poolAName types.NamespacedName
poolBName types.NamespacedName
)

newPool := func(name types.NamespacedName) *sandboxv1alpha1.Pool {
return &sandboxv1alpha1.Pool{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
Name: name.Name,
Namespace: name.Namespace,
},
Spec: sandboxv1alpha1.PoolSpec{
Template: &v1.PodTemplateSpec{
Spec: v1.PodSpec{
Containers: []v1.Container{
{
Name: "main",
Image: "example.com",
},
},
},
},
CapacitySpec: sandboxv1alpha1.CapacitySpec{
PoolMin: 0,
PoolMax: 2,
BufferMin: 1,
BufferMax: 1,
},
},
}
}

markPoolPodsReady := func(g Gomega, name types.NamespacedName) {
pool := &sandboxv1alpha1.Pool{}
g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(ctx, name, pool)).To(Succeed())
pods := &v1.PodList{}
g.Expect(k8sClient.List(ctx, pods, &kclient.ListOptions{
Namespace: name.Namespace,
FieldSelector: fields.SelectorFromSet(fields.Set{fieldindex.IndexNameForOwnerRefUID: string(pool.UID)}),
})).To(Succeed())
for i := range pods.Items {
pod := &pods.Items[i]
if pod.DeletionTimestamp != nil || pod.Status.Phase == v1.PodRunning {
continue
}
pod.Status.Phase = v1.PodRunning
pod.Status.Conditions = []v1.PodCondition{{Type: v1.PodReady, Status: v1.ConditionTrue}}
g.Expect(k8sClient.Status().Update(ctx, pod)).To(Succeed())
}
}

waitPoolReady := func(name types.NamespacedName) {
Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
pool := &sandboxv1alpha1.Pool{}
g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(ctx, name, pool)).To(Succeed())
g.Expect(pool.Status.ObservedGeneration).To(Equal(pool.Generation))
g.Expect(pool.Status.Total).To(BeNumerically(">=", 1))
markPoolPodsReady(g, name)
}, timeout, interval).Should(Succeed())
}

BeforeEach(func() {
poolAName = types.NamespacedName{Name: "immu-pool-a-" + rand.String(8), Namespace: "default"}
poolBName = types.NamespacedName{Name: "immu-pool-b-" + rand.String(8), Namespace: "default"}
Expect(k8sClient.Create(ctx, newPool(poolAName))).To(Succeed())
Expect(k8sClient.Create(ctx, newPool(poolBName))).To(Succeed())
waitPoolReady(poolAName)
waitPoolReady(poolBName)
})

AfterEach(func() {
for _, name := range []types.NamespacedName{poolAName, poolBName} {
pool := &sandboxv1alpha1.Pool{}
if err := k8sClient.Get(ctx, name, pool); err == nil {
Expect(k8sClient.Delete(ctx, pool)).To(Succeed())
}
}
})

It("rejects the re-point and keeps the existing allocation intact", func() {
bsbxName := types.NamespacedName{
Name: "immu-switch-" + rand.String(8),
Namespace: "default",
}
batchSandbox := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
Name: bsbxName.Name,
Namespace: bsbxName.Namespace,
},
Spec: sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandboxSpec{
Replicas: ptr.To(int32(1)),
PoolRef: poolAName.Name,
},
}
Expect(k8sClient.Create(ctx, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())

By("waiting for pool A to allocate a pod to the sandbox")
var allocatedPod string
Eventually(func(g Gomega) {
g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())
alloc, err := getSandboxAllocation(batchSandbox)
g.Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
g.Expect(alloc.Pods).To(HaveLen(1))
allocatedPod = alloc.Pods[0]
}, timeout, interval).Should(Succeed())

By("attempting to re-point spec.poolRef from pool A to pool B")
err := retry.RetryOnConflict(retry.DefaultRetry, func() error {
latest := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{}
if err := k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, latest); err != nil {
return err
}
latest.Spec.PoolRef = poolBName.Name
return k8sClient.Update(ctx, latest)
})
Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("cannot be re-pointed"))

By("verifying the sandbox keeps its pod and binding")
Consistently(func(g Gomega) {
pod := &v1.Pod{}
g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{
Name: allocatedPod,
Namespace: bsbxName.Namespace,
}, pod)).To(Succeed())
g.Expect(pod.DeletionTimestamp).To(BeNil())

g.Expect(k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())
g.Expect(batchSandbox.Spec.PoolRef).To(Equal(poolAName.Name))
alloc, err := getSandboxAllocation(batchSandbox)
g.Expect(err).NotTo(HaveOccurred())
g.Expect(alloc.Pods).To(ConsistOf(allocatedPod))
}, 5*time.Second, interval).Should(Succeed())

Expect(k8sClient.Delete(ctx, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())
})

It("still allows binding an unbound sandbox once and detaching afterwards", func() {
bsbxName := types.NamespacedName{
Name: "immu-bind-" + rand.String(8),
Namespace: "default",
}
batchSandbox := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{
ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
Name: bsbxName.Name,
Namespace: bsbxName.Namespace,
},
Spec: sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandboxSpec{
Replicas: ptr.To(int32(0)),
},
}
Expect(k8sClient.Create(ctx, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())

By("binding the unbound sandbox to pool A is allowed")
Expect(retry.RetryOnConflict(retry.DefaultRetry, func() error {
latest := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{}
if err := k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, latest); err != nil {
return err
}
latest.Spec.PoolRef = poolAName.Name
return k8sClient.Update(ctx, latest)
})).To(Succeed())

By("re-pointing the now-bound sandbox to pool B is rejected")
err := retry.RetryOnConflict(retry.DefaultRetry, func() error {
latest := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{}
if err := k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, latest); err != nil {
return err
}
latest.Spec.PoolRef = poolBName.Name
return k8sClient.Update(ctx, latest)
})
Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())
Expect(err.Error()).To(ContainSubstring("cannot be re-pointed"))

By("clearing poolRef to detach is allowed")
Expect(retry.RetryOnConflict(retry.DefaultRetry, func() error {
latest := &sandboxv1alpha1.BatchSandbox{}
if err := k8sClient.Get(ctx, bsbxName, latest); err != nil {
return err
}
latest.Spec.PoolRef = ""
return k8sClient.Update(ctx, latest)
})).To(Succeed())

Expect(k8sClient.Delete(ctx, batchSandbox)).To(Succeed())
})
})
})
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