Added initial EXEC preprocessor handling logic in pplex and ppparse.

cobc/ChangeLog

@@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
 
+2026-03-16  Uttam Singh Bhadauriya <uttamsinghbhadoriya23@gmail.com>
+
+	* pplex.l: add EXEC_STATE exclusive start condition to
+	  tokenize EXEC <TAG> ... END-EXEC blocks; add AREA_A lookahead
+	  rule for EXEC; return INCLUDE token for INCLUDE keyword,
+	  plain TOKEN for words; consume all other content silently
+	* ppparse.y: add exec_statement grammar rule dispatched
+	  from statement_no_replace; EXEC TAG INCLUDE handled as COPY
+	  (full copybook expansion with -I and -ffold-copy support);
+	  all other EXEC TAG blocks warn at "unsupported" level
+	  (defaulting to error) and are ignored; add _exec_token_list
+	  to consume body tokens for parsing purposes only
+
 2025-12-29  Roger Bowler <rbowler@snipix.net>
 
 	* tree.c (finalize_file): if file is EXTFH enabled then don't warn for

cobc/pplex.l

@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ static int			quotation_mark = 0;
 static int			echo_newline = 0;
 static int			listing_line = 0;
 static int			requires_listing_line;
+static int	exec_subsystem_seen = 0;	/* set after first EXEC token returned */
 static enum cb_format		source_format = CB_FORMAT_AUTO;
 static int	indicator_column = 7;
 static int	indicator_error = 0;
@@ -226,6 +227,7 @@ MAYBE_AREA_A	[ ]?#?
 %x CONTROL_STATEMENT_STATE
 %x DISPLAY_DIRECTIVE_STATE
 %x IMP_DIRECTIVE_STATE
+%X EXEC_STATE
 
 %%
 
@@ -501,6 +503,7 @@ MAYBE_AREA_A	[ ]?#?
 ^{AREA_A}[ \n]*/"COPY"[ ,;\n]    { count_newlines (yytext); }
 ^{AREA_A}[ \n]*/"INCLUDE"[ ,;\n] { count_newlines (yytext); }
 ^{AREA_A}[ \n]*/"REPLACE"[ ,;\n] { count_newlines (yytext); }
+^{AREA_A}[ \n]*/"EXEC"[ ,;\n]    { count_newlines (yytext); }
 
 "COPY"/[ ,;\n]			{
 	yy_push_state (COPY_STATE);
@@ -525,6 +528,12 @@ MAYBE_AREA_A	[ ]?#?
 	return REPLACE;
 }
 
+"EXEC"/[ ,;\n] {
+	exec_subsystem_seen = 0;
+    BEGIN(EXEC_STATE);
+    return EXEC;
+}
+
 ^{MAYBE_AREA_A}.{6}[ ]*"*CONTROL" |
 ^{MAYBE_AREA_A}.{6}[ ]*"*CBL"	{
 	BEGIN CONTROL_STATEMENT_STATE;
@@ -569,6 +578,35 @@ MAYBE_AREA_A	[ ]?#?
   }
 }
 
+<EXEC_STATE>{
+    "END-EXEC"([ \t]*\.)?  {
+        BEGIN (INITIAL);
+        return END_EXEC;
+    }
+    "INCLUDE"               { return INCLUDE; }
+    {WORD}\.{WORD}          {
+        /* dotted name e.g. SQLCA.cpy or table.field */
+        pplval.s = cobc_plex_strdup (yytext);
+        return TOKEN;
+    }
+    {WORD}                  {
+        pplval.s = cobc_plex_strdup (yytext);
+        if (!exec_subsystem_seen) {
+            exec_subsystem_seen = 1;
+            return SUBSYSTEM;
+        }
+        return TOKEN;
+    }
+    {ALNUM_LITERAL}         {
+        /* quoted copybook name e.g. INCLUDE "EMPREC" */
+        pplval.s = cobc_plex_strdup (yytext + 1);
+        pplval.s[strlen (pplval.s) - 1] = '\0';
+        return TEXT_NAME;
+    }
+    \n                      { cb_source_line++; }
+    .                       { /* silently consumed */ }
+}
+
 <SUBSTITUTION_SECTION_STATE,
 CONTROL_DIVISION_STATE>{
   "REPLACE"	       {
@@ -1205,6 +1243,13 @@ ENDIF_DIRECTIVE_STATE>{
 <<EOF>> {
 	struct copy_info *current_copy_info = copy_stack;
 
+	if (YY_START == EXEC_STATE) {
+		BEGIN (INITIAL);
+		cb_plex_error (newline_count, _("missing END-EXEC at end of file"));
+		newline_count = 0;
+		return END_EXEC; 
+	}
+
 	yy_delete_buffer (YY_CURRENT_BUFFER);
 
 	/* Terminate at the end of all input */

cobc/ppparse.y

@@ -753,6 +753,10 @@ ppparse_clear_vars (const struct cb_define_struct *p)
 %token <s> VARIABLE_NAME	"Variable"
 %token <s> LITERAL		"Literal"
 
+%token EXEC
+%token END_EXEC		"END-EXEC"
+%token <s> SUBSYSTEM	"Subsystem"
+
 %type <s>	_copy_in
 %type <s>	copy_source
 %type <s>	_literal
@@ -830,6 +834,7 @@ statement:
 
 statement_no_replace:
   copy_statement
+| exec_statement
 | directive TERMINATOR
 | listing_statement
 | CONTROL_STATEMENT control_options _dot TERMINATOR
@@ -1726,6 +1731,36 @@ replacing_list:
   }
 ;
 
+_exec_token_list:
+  /* empty */
+| _exec_token_list TOKEN
+  {
+        /* should be handled by preparser, ignored
+           if seen here purely for parsing reasons */
+  }
+;
+
+exec_statement:
+  EXEC SUBSYSTEM INCLUDE copy_source END_EXEC
+  {
+        /* EXEC TAG INCLUDE copybook — warn and handle as COPY */
+        cb_warning (cb_warn_unsupported,
+                    _("EXEC %s INCLUDE handled as COPY"), $2);
+        fputc ('\n', ppout);
+        ppcopy ($4, NULL, NULL);
+  }
+| EXEC SUBSYSTEM _exec_token_list END_EXEC
+  {
+        /* EXEC TAG ... END-EXEC — warn and ignore */
+        cb_warning (cb_warn_unsupported,
+                    _("EXEC %s statement ignored"), $2);
+  }
+| EXEC error END_EXEC
+  {
+        yyerrok;
+  }
+;
+
 text_src:
   EQEQ token_list EQEQ
   {

tests/testsuite.src/syn_definition.at

@@ -2947,3 +2947,181 @@ AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
 
 AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Wno-unfinished prog.cob], [0], [], [])
 AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+### GnuCOBOL Test Suite - EXEC block handling
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC no tag])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           EXEC END-EXEC.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:6: error: syntax error, unexpected END-EXEC, expecting Subsystem
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC empty block])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           EXEC CICS END-EXEC.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:6: error: EXEC CICS statement ignored
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC statement ignored])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           EXEC SQL CONNECT RESET END-EXEC.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:6: error: EXEC SQL statement ignored
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC SQL INCLUDE sqlca and copybook])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([emprec.cpy], [
+       01  EMP-TABLE.
+           03  ENO    PIC S9(4) COMP.
+           03  LNAME  PIC X(10).
+])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       DATA DIVISION.
+       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
+       EXEC SQL
+           INCLUDE SQLCA
+       END-EXEC.
+       EXEC SQL
+           INCLUDE EMPREC
+       END-EXEC.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           DISPLAY SQLCODE.
+           MOVE 1 TO ENO.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported -ffold-copy=LOWER prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:8: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+prog.cob:11: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([rm -f emprec.cpy], [0], [], [])
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported -ffold-copy=LOWER prog.cob], [1], [], [prog.cob:8: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+prog.cob:11: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+prog.cob:11: error: emprec: No such file or directory
+prog.cob: in paragraph 'MAIN':
+prog.cob:15: error: 'ENO' is not defined
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC SQL INCLUDE quoted literal])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([emprec.cpy], [
+       01  EMP-TABLE.
+           03  ENO    PIC S9(4) COMP.
+           03  LNAME  PIC X(10).
+])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       DATA DIVISION.
+       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
+       EXEC SQL
+           INCLUDE "EMPREC"
+       END-EXEC.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           MOVE 1 TO ENO.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported -ffold-copy=LOWER prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:8: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([EXEC SQL INCLUDE dotted name])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       DATA DIVISION.
+       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
+       EXEC SQL
+           INCLUDE SQLCA.cpy
+       END-EXEC.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+           DISPLAY SQLCODE.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported -ffold-copy=LOWER prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:8: error: EXEC SQL INCLUDE handled as COPY
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP
+
+
+AT_SETUP([END-EXEC missing])
+AT_KEYWORDS([extensions])
+
+AT_DATA([prog.cob], [
+       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+       PROGRAM-ID. prog.
+       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+       MAIN.
+      * typo added on purpose to check handling that
+           EXEC SQL CONNECT RESET ENDEXEC.
+           STOP RUN.
+])
+
+AT_CHECK([$COMPILE_ONLY -Werror=unsupported prog.cob], [1], [],
+[prog.cob:9: error: missing END-EXEC at end of file
+prog.cob:9: error: EXEC SQL statement ignored
+])
+
+AT_CLEANUP