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更新 取代基顺序规则 #137

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更新 取代基顺序规则 #137

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7 changes: 7 additions & 0 deletions 04 有机化学基础/03 有机化合物的分类和命名.md
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Expand Up @@ -302,3 +302,10 @@ _命名架构：位置编号-取代基-主碳链_
但是，若要刨根问底或追求精确，可以了解：

先写简单基团，与取代基相连的原子序数小的基团排在前面（常见原子为 $\ce{I > Br > Cl > S > O > N > C > H}$，如羟基中的氧与氯比较，氧序数较小，则氯排在前面）；而对于甲基、乙基、丙基等同为碳原子的基团，复杂度逐渐上升。该方法简便易用，且目前流传度尚广

### 取代基顺序规则
Ⅰ.烷基取代基命名顺序由简到繁 如：先命名丙基， 再命名异丙基

Ⅱ.其他取代基命名时， 先比较各支链的第一个原子的原子序数大小， 例如 $\ce{-I > —Br > —Cl > —F > —OH > —NH2 > C (烃基)}$

命名时先命名原子序数小的取代基， 再命名原子序数大的取代基。 当第一个原子相同， 则比较与之相连的原子， 以此类推， 例如： 溴原子序数大于氢原子， $\ce{—CH2Br > —CH3}$ 先命名甲基！
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