diff --git a/Slate/Binding.h b/Slate/Binding.h
index b51fe4cc..9e4cd8cd 100644
--- a/Slate/Binding.h
+++ b/Slate/Binding.h
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
   UInt32 keyCode;
   UInt32 modifiers;
   NSNumber *modalKey;
+  UInt32 modalModifiers;
   EventHotKeyRef hotKeyRef;
   BOOL repeat;
   BOOL toggle;
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@
 @property (assign) UInt32 keyCode;
 @property (assign) UInt32 modifiers;
 @property NSNumber *modalKey;
+@property (assign) UInt32 modalModifiers;
 @property (assign) EventHotKeyRef hotKeyRef;
 @property (assign) BOOL repeat;
 @property (assign) BOOL toggle;
diff --git a/Slate/Binding.m b/Slate/Binding.m
index b8442fc6..b68a3105 100644
--- a/Slate/Binding.m
+++ b/Slate/Binding.m
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ @implementation Binding
 @synthesize keyCode;
 @synthesize modifiers;
 @synthesize modalKey;
+@synthesize modalModifiers;
 @synthesize hotKeyRef;
 @synthesize repeat;
 @synthesize toggle;
@@ -113,6 +114,7 @@ + (UInt32)modifierFromString:(NSString *)mod {
 + (NSArray *)getKeystrokeFromString:(NSString *)keystroke {
   NSNumber *theKeyCode = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:0];
   UInt32 theModifiers = 0;
+  UInt32 theModalModifiers = 0;
   NSNumber *theModalKey = nil;
   NSArray *keyAndModifiers = [keystroke componentsSeparatedByString:COLON];
   if ([keyAndModifiers count] >= 1) {
@@ -132,7 +134,15 @@ + (NSArray *)getKeystrokeFromString:(NSString *)keystroke {
         while (mod) {
           NSNumber *_theModalKey = [[Binding asciiToCodeDict] objectForKey:mod];
           if (_theModalKey != nil) {
-            theModalKey = _theModalKey;
+            if(theModalKey == nil) {
+              theModalKey = _theModalKey;
+            } else {
+              SlateLogger(@"Fatal: Two modal keys (codes %@ and %@) found in binding \"%@\"", theModalKey, _theModalKey, keystroke);
+              @throw([NSException exceptionWithName:@"Two Modal Keys" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Duplicate modal keys (%@ and %@) found in binding \"%@\"", theModalKey, _theModalKey, keystroke] userInfo:nil]);
+            }
+          } else if(theModalKey != nil) {
+            //Assume every modifier defined after a modal key to be a modifier for the modal key (to be pressed when entering modal mode) as opposed to the actual key
+            theModalModifiers = [Binding modifierFromString:mod];
           } else {
             theModifiers += [Binding modifierFromString:mod];
           }
@@ -141,7 +151,7 @@ + (NSArray *)getKeystrokeFromString:(NSString *)keystroke {
       }
     }
   }
-  return [NSArray arrayWithObjects:theKeyCode, [NSNumber numberWithInteger:theModifiers], theModalKey, nil];
+  return [NSArray arrayWithObjects:theKeyCode, [NSNumber numberWithInteger:theModifiers], theModalKey, [NSNumber numberWithInteger:theModalModifiers], nil];
 }
 
 - (void)setKeystrokeFromString:(NSString*)keystroke {
@@ -151,7 +161,8 @@ - (void)setKeystrokeFromString:(NSString*)keystroke {
     keyCode = [[keyarr objectAtIndex:0] unsignedIntValue];
     modifiers = [[keyarr objectAtIndex:1] unsignedIntValue];
     if ([keyarr count] >= 3 ) {
-      [self setModalKey:[keyarr objectAtIndex:2]];
+      self.modalKey = [keyarr objectAtIndex:2];
+      modalModifiers = [[keyarr objectAtIndex:3] unsignedIntValue];
     }
   }
   if ([modalAndKey count] >= 3){ // modal toggle
@@ -211,7 +222,7 @@ - (NSString *)modalHashKey {
   if ([self modalKey] == nil) {
     return nil;
   }
-  return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@%u", [self modalKey], PLUS, [self modifiers]];
+  return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@%u", [self modalKey], PLUS, [self modalModifiers]];
 }
 
 + (NSArray *)modalHashKeyToKeyAndModifiers:(NSString *)modalHashKey {
diff --git a/Slate/SlateAppDelegate.m b/Slate/SlateAppDelegate.m
index 791bd685..feb0e0de 100644
--- a/Slate/SlateAppDelegate.m
+++ b/Slate/SlateAppDelegate.m
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ - (OSStatus)activateBinding:(EventHotKeyID)hkCom isRepeat:(BOOL)isRepeat {
         EventHotKeyRef myHotKeyRef;
         myHotKeyID.signature = *[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"hotkey%li",i] cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
         myHotKeyID.id = (UInt32)i;
-        RegisterEventHotKey([binding keyCode], 0, myHotKeyID, GetEventMonitorTarget(), 0, &myHotKeyRef);
+        RegisterEventHotKey([binding keyCode], [binding modifiers], myHotKeyID, GetEventMonitorTarget(), 0, &myHotKeyRef);
         [binding setHotKeyRef:myHotKeyRef];
         [[self currentModalHotKeyRefs] addObject:[NSValue valueWithPointer:myHotKeyRef]];
         i++;
diff --git a/doc/directive-bind.md b/doc/directive-bind.md
index 9fff7e68..c6c71f3f 100644
--- a/doc/directive-bind.md
+++ b/doc/directive-bind.md
@@ -26,11 +26,17 @@ bind key:modal-key operation parameter+
 
 ## `modal-key` ##
 
-`modal-key` is any one of the Allowed Keys. If using a `modal-key`, pressing that key will cause the Slate menu bar icon to change indicating modal mode is activated. then clicking `key` will activate the binding. Modal mode will remain active until `key` has been pressed or `modal-key` is pressed again. You may specify multiple bindings with the same `modal-key` as long as `key` is different. Also, `modal-key` can accompany a comma or semicolon separated list of modifier keys listed above. This will cause that entire keystroke to be considered the modal activation binding. For example: `bind 1:f4,ctrl,alt` will result in the modal keystroke being `ctrl+alt+f4`. After pressing that keystroke, modal mode will be activated and pressing `1` after that will activate the binding.
+`modal-key` is any one of the Allowed Keys. If using a `modal-key`, pressing that key will cause the Slate menu bar icon to change indicating modal mode is activated. then clicking `key` will activate the binding. Modal mode will remain active until `key` has been pressed or `modal-key` is pressed again.
+
+You may specify multiple bindings with the same `modal-key` as long as `key` is different.
+
+Also, `modal-key` can accompany a comma or semicolon separated list of modifier keys (listed above). These modifier keys can either precede the `modal-key` (in which case they will apply to the `key` itself, in modal mode) or they can follow the `modal-key` (which will cause the entire keystroke, including modifiers, to be the modal activation binding).
+
+For example: `bind 1:f4,ctrl,alt` will result in the modal keystroke being `ctrl+alt+f4`. After pressing that keystroke, modal mode will be activated and pressing `1` after that will activate the binding, whereas `bind 1:ctrl,f4,alt` will result in the modal mode being activated with `alt+f4` and the action being triggered with `ctrl+1` (while modal mode is active).
 
 ### Modal Toggle Behavior ###
 
-If you add `:toggle` to the end of a modal binding it will cause that binding to not end the modal mode. For example with the binding `1:ctrl,f4`, you press `ctrl+f4` and then press `1` to activate the binding. Once that binding is activated, modal mode will end and you have to press `ctrl+f4` again to activate it. However, with the binding `1:ctrl,f4:toggle` pressing `ctrl+f4` will toggle modal mode. pressing `1` will activate the binding but not end modal mode. To end modal mode, press `ctrl+f4` again or use the config `modalEscapeKey`.
+If you add `:toggle` to the end of a modal binding it will cause that binding to not end the modal mode. For example with the binding `1:ctrl,f4`, you press `f4` and then press `ctrl+1` to activate the binding. Once that binding is activated, modal mode will end and you have to press `f4` again to activate it. However, with the binding `1:ctrl,f4:toggle` pressing `f4` will toggle modal mode. pressing `ctrl+1` will activate the binding but not end modal mode. To end modal mode, press `f4` again or use the config `modalEscapeKey`.
 
 ## `operation` ##