diff --git a/rust/examples/src/ivf_hnsw.rs b/rust/examples/src/ivf_hnsw.rs
index c1898e10682..02b5b7490de 100644
--- a/rust/examples/src/ivf_hnsw.rs
+++ b/rust/examples/src/ivf_hnsw.rs
@@ -5,14 +5,20 @@
 //!
 //! run with `cargo run --release --example hnsw`
 #![allow(clippy::print_stdout)]
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
 use arrow::array::AsArray;
 use arrow::array::types::Float32Type;
+use arrow::array::{FixedSizeListBuilder, Float32Builder, UInt64Array};
+use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field, Schema};
+use arrow::record_batch::{RecordBatch, RecordBatchIterator};
 use clap::Parser;
 use futures::TryStreamExt;
 use lance::Dataset;
-use lance::dataset::ProjectionRequest;
+use lance::dataset::{ProjectionRequest, WriteMode, WriteParams};
 use lance::index::DatasetIndexExt;
 use lance::index::vector::VectorIndexParams;
+use lance_core::utils::tempfile::TempStrDir;
 use lance_index::IndexType;
 use lance_index::vector::hnsw::builder::HnswBuildParams;
 use lance_index::vector::ivf::IvfBuildParams;
@@ -22,8 +28,8 @@ use lance_linalg::distance::MetricType;
 #[derive(Parser, Debug)]
 #[command(version, about, long_about = None)]
 struct Args {
-    /// Dataset URI
-    uri: String,
+    /// Dataset URI. If omitted, a local temporary vector dataset is generated.
+    uri: Option<String>,
 
     /// Vector column name
     #[arg(short, long, value_name = "NAME", default_value = "vector")]
@@ -52,6 +58,44 @@ struct Args {
     metric_type: String,
 }
 
+async fn create_test_vector_dataset(
+    data_path: &str,
+    column: &str,
+) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    const NUM_ROWS: usize = 4096;
+    const DIM: i32 = 64;
+
+    let item_field = Arc::new(Field::new("item", DataType::Float32, true));
+    let schema = Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("id", DataType::UInt64, false),
+        Field::new(column, DataType::FixedSizeList(item_field, DIM), false),
+    ]));
+
+    let ids = UInt64Array::from((0..NUM_ROWS as u64).collect::<Vec<_>>());
+    let values = Float32Builder::new();
+    let mut vector_builder = FixedSizeListBuilder::new(values, DIM);
+    for row_id in 0..NUM_ROWS {
+        for dim in 0..DIM as usize {
+            let value = ((row_id * 31 + dim * 17) % 997) as f32 / 997.0;
+            vector_builder.values().append_value(value);
+        }
+        vector_builder.append(true);
+    }
+
+    let batch = RecordBatch::try_new(
+        schema.clone(),
+        vec![Arc::new(ids), Arc::new(vector_builder.finish())],
+    )?;
+    let batches = RecordBatchIterator::new([Ok(batch)], schema);
+    let write_params = WriteParams {
+        mode: WriteMode::Overwrite,
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+
+    Dataset::write(batches, data_path, Some(write_params)).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 fn ground_truth(mat: &MatrixView<Float32Type>, query: &[f32], k: usize) -> HashSet<u32> {
     let mut dists = vec![];
@@ -68,20 +112,33 @@ fn ground_truth(mat: &MatrixView<Float32Type>, query: &[f32], k: usize) -> HashS
 async fn main() {
     env_logger::init();
     let args = Args::parse();
+    let tempdir;
+    let column = args.column.as_deref().unwrap_or("vector");
 
-    let mut dataset = Dataset::open(&args.uri)
-        .await
-        .expect("Failed to open dataset");
+    let uri = match args.uri.as_deref() {
+        Some(uri) => uri,
+        None => {
+            tempdir = TempStrDir::default();
+            let data_path = tempdir.as_ref();
+            create_test_vector_dataset(data_path, column)
+                .await
+                .expect("Failed to create test vector dataset");
+            println!("Generated test vector dataset at {}", data_path);
+            data_path
+        }
+    };
+
+    let mut dataset = Dataset::open(uri).await.expect("Failed to open dataset");
     println!("Dataset schema: {:#?}", dataset.schema());
 
-    let column = args.column.as_deref().unwrap_or("vector");
     let metric_type = MetricType::try_from(args.metric_type.as_str()).unwrap();
 
     let mut ivf_params = IvfBuildParams::new(128);
     ivf_params.sample_rate = 20480;
     let hnsw_params = HnswBuildParams::default()
-        .ef_construction(100)
-        .num_edges(15);
+        .ef_construction(args.ef)
+        .max_level(args.max_level)
+        .num_edges(args.max_edges);
     let pq_params = SQBuildParams::default();
     let params =
         VectorIndexParams::with_ivf_hnsw_sq_params(metric_type, ivf_params, hnsw_params, pq_params);