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feat: eBPF event deduplication before CEL rule evaluation (#762)
* feat: eBPF event deduplication before CEL rule evaluation Add a lock-free dedup cache that prevents structurally identical eBPF events from reaching the expensive CEL rule engine. Events are keyed by type-specific fields (mntns + pid + relevant attributes) using xxhash, with per-event-type TTL windows (2-10s). The cache uses packed atomic uint64 slots (48-bit key + 16-bit expiry bucket) for zero-lock concurrent access from the 3,000-goroutine worker pool. Consumers opt in to skipping duplicates: RuleManager, ContainerProfileManager, and MalwareManager skip; Metrics, DNSManager, NetworkStream, and RulePolicy always process. No events are dropped — the Duplicate flag is advisory. Benchmarks: cache check ~7ns/op, key computation 24-52ns/op, 0 allocations. Implements design/node-agent-performance-epic/ebpf-event-deduplication.md §1.3 (targets 10% of the 20% CPU reduction goal). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * docs: add dedup benchmark results with CPU/memory plots Benchmark comparing v0.3.71 (baseline) vs dedup branch on a kind cluster with 1000 open/s, 100 http/s load. Results show -16% avg CPU, -29% peak CPU, with 91-99% dedup ratios on high-frequency event types. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * ci: add automated performance benchmark workflow Add benchmark scripts and CI workflow that runs A/B performance benchmarks on Kind clusters, comparing baseline vs PR node-agent images. Posts results as PR comments and uploads artifacts. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * fix: address review comments on eBPF event dedup - Validate slotsExponent range [10,30] in NewDedupCache and LoadConfig - Fix uint16 expiry wrap-around using signed subtraction - Length-prefix strings in hash keys to prevent adjacent-field collisions - Extract dropped-event reporting from dedup-skippable adapter - Guard req.URL nil dereference in HTTP dedup key computation - Use WithLabelValues for dedup metrics (avoids map alloc on hot path) - Fix benchmark: use requirements.txt, add resp.raise_for_status(), fix typo Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com> Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * fix: benchmark namespace race and profile dedup regression - benchmark: use --wait=true for namespace deletion to prevent race where the "after" run tries to create resources in a terminating namespace - dedup: remove containerProfileAdapter from dedupSkipSet so the profile builder sees all events (fixes Test_11_EndpointTest regression where HTTP endpoint headers from repeated requests were lost) - benchmark: use official load-simulator image with digest pin Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * fix: add ReportDedupEvent to MetricsNoop after merge with main MetricsNoop was added to main but was missing the ReportDedupEvent method added by the dedup feature branch, causing build failures. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * fix: preload load-simulator image into kind to avoid pull timeouts Pull the load-simulator image with docker and load into kind before deploying, so it doesn't depend on in-cluster pulls from quay.io. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * feat: add performance degradation quality gate to benchmark Add --check flag to compare-metrics.py that fails with exit code 1 if any node-agent CPU or memory metric degrades by more than 10% compared to the baseline. Added as a workflow step that runs after the benchmark completes. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * fix: restore containerProfileAdapter in dedupSkipSet for CPU savings Put containerProfileAdapter back in dedupSkipSet so deduplicated events skip the profile adapter, recovering ~16% CPU improvement. The previous removal was to fix Test_11_EndpointTest where header merging failed because repeated requests to the same path were deduplicated. Instead, fix the test by adding a 3s sleep before the header-merge requests, allowing the dedup cache entries (~2s TTL) to expire first. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * ci: add workflow_dispatch to benchmark for manual runs Allows triggering the benchmark with custom before/after images for A/B comparisons against specific versions. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> * docs: update benchmark results with CI vs local comparison Add section explaining that CI runners show smaller CPU improvements (~4-7%) compared to local runs (~13-16%) due to environmental differences. Verified with same baseline on both environments — dedup logic is identical, only relative CPU impact differs. Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> --------- Signed-off-by: Ben <ben@armosec.io> Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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‎.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml‎

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name: Performance Benchmark
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on:
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pull_request:
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types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
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paths-ignore:
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- '*.md'
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- '.github/workflows/*'
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workflow_dispatch:
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inputs:
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before_image:
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description: 'Before image (baseline). Defaults to latest release.'
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required: false
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type: string
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after_image:
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description: 'After image (candidate). Defaults to building from source.'
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required: false
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type: string
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workflow_call:
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inputs:
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after_image:
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required: true
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type: string
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before_image:
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required: false
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type: string
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concurrency:
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group: benchmark-${{ github.ref }}
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cancel-in-progress: true
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jobs:
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benchmark:
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runs-on: ubuntu-large
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permissions:
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pull-requests: write
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contents: read
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steps:
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- name: Checkout
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uses: actions/checkout@v4
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with:
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fetch-depth: 0
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- name: Set up Go
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uses: actions/setup-go@v5
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with:
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go-version: "1.25"
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- name: Install Kind
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run: |
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curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.27.0/kind-linux-amd64
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chmod +x ./kind
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sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind
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- name: Install Helm
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run: |
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curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/helm/helm/main/scripts/get-helm-3 | bash
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- name: Resolve before image
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id: before-image
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env:
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GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
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run: |
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if [[ -n "${{ inputs.before_image }}" ]]; then
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echo "BEFORE_IMAGE=${{ inputs.before_image }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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else
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LATEST_TAG=$(gh api repos/${{ github.repository }}/releases/latest --jq '.tag_name')
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echo "BEFORE_IMAGE=quay.io/kubescape/node-agent:${LATEST_TAG}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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fi
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- name: Build after image
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id: after-image
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if: ${{ !inputs.after_image }}
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run: |
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curl https://github.com/inspektor-gadget/inspektor-gadget/releases/download/v0.48.1/ig_0.48.1_amd64.deb -LO && sudo dpkg -i ig_0.48.1_amd64.deb
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make gadgets
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make binary
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make docker-build IMAGE=quay.io/kubescape/node-agent TAG=bench-${{ github.sha }}
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echo "AFTER_IMAGE=quay.io/kubescape/node-agent:bench-${{ github.sha }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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- name: Set after image from input
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id: after-image-input
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if: ${{ inputs.after_image }}
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run: |
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echo "AFTER_IMAGE=${{ inputs.after_image }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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- name: Determine after image
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id: resolve-after
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run: |
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AFTER="${{ steps.after-image.outputs.AFTER_IMAGE || steps.after-image-input.outputs.AFTER_IMAGE }}"
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echo "AFTER_IMAGE=${AFTER}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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- name: Load after image into Kind
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if: ${{ !inputs.after_image }}
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run: |
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# Kind cluster is created by dedup-bench.sh, but we need to pre-load the image
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# The script's load_image function handles this automatically
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echo "After image will be loaded by dedup-bench.sh"
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- name: Set up Python
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uses: actions/setup-python@v5
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with:
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python-version: '3.12'
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- name: Install Python dependencies
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run: pip install -r benchmark/requirements.txt
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- name: Run benchmark
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env:
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BEFORE_IMAGE: ${{ steps.before-image.outputs.BEFORE_IMAGE }}
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AFTER_IMAGE: ${{ steps.resolve-after.outputs.AFTER_IMAGE }}
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OUTPUT_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output
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run: |
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chmod +x benchmark/dedup-bench.sh
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benchmark/dedup-bench.sh "$BEFORE_IMAGE" "$AFTER_IMAGE"
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- name: Generate markdown report
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if: always()
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run: |
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python3 benchmark/compare-metrics.py --format markdown \
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"${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output/before" \
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"${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output/after" > report.md || true
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- name: Quality gate - check for performance degradation
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if: always()
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run: |
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python3 benchmark/compare-metrics.py --check \
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"${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output/before" \
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"${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output/after"
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- name: Comment on PR
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uses: peter-evans/create-or-update-comment@v4
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if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && always()
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with:
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issue-number: ${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
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body-path: report.md
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comment-tag: benchmark-results
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- name: Upload artifacts
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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if: always()
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with:
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name: benchmark-results
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path: ${{ github.workspace }}/benchmark-output/
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retention-days: 30

‎.github/workflows/incluster-comp-pr-merged.yaml‎

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path: failed_*.txt
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retention-days: 7
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benchmark:
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needs: docker-build
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if: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'release') }}
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uses: ./.github/workflows/benchmark.yaml
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with:
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after_image: ${{ inputs.IMAGE_NAME }}:${{ needs.docker-build.outputs.IMAGE_TAG_PRERELEASE }}
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secrets: inherit
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create-release-and-retag:
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if: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'release') && always() && contains(needs.*.result, 'success') && !(contains(needs.*.result, 'failure')) && !(contains (needs.*.result,'cancelled')) || inputs.FORCE }}
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name: Docker retag and create release

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