diff --git a/homeassistant/components/esphome/climate.py b/homeassistant/components/esphome/climate.py
index 353481348b4fae..9527851d839e68 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/esphome/climate.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/esphome/climate.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 from homeassistant.core import callback
 from homeassistant.exceptions import ServiceValidationError
 
-from .const import DOMAIN
+from .const import DOMAIN, TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP
 from .entity import (
     EsphomeEntity,
     convert_api_error_ha_error,
@@ -131,7 +131,6 @@
 class EsphomeClimateEntity(EsphomeEntity[ClimateInfo, ClimateState], ClimateEntity):
     """A climate implementation for ESPHome."""
 
-    _attr_temperature_unit = UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS
     _attr_translation_key = "climate"
     _feature_flags = ClimateFeature(0)
 
@@ -143,6 +142,9 @@ def _on_static_info_update(self, static_info: EntityInfo) -> None:
         self._feature_flags = ClimateFeature(
             static_info.supported_feature_flags_compat(self._api_version)
         )
+        self._attr_temperature_unit = TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP.get(
+            static_info.temperature_unit, UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS
+        )
         self._attr_precision = self._get_precision()
         self._attr_hvac_modes = [
             _CLIMATE_MODES.from_esphome(mode) for mode in static_info.supported_modes
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/esphome/const.py b/homeassistant/components/esphome/const.py
index cde5d79446ca40..eb65222d8b9386 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/esphome/const.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/esphome/const.py
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Final
 
+from aioesphomeapi import TemperatureUnit
 from awesomeversion import AwesomeVersion
 
+from homeassistant.const import UnitOfTemperature
 from homeassistant.util.hass_dict import HassKey
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -37,3 +39,9 @@
 
 WAKE_WORDS_DIR_NAME = "custom_wake_words"
 WAKE_WORDS_API_PATH = "/api/esphome/wake_words"
+
+TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP: dict[TemperatureUnit | None, UnitOfTemperature] = {
+    TemperatureUnit.CELSIUS: UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS,
+    TemperatureUnit.FAHRENHEIT: UnitOfTemperature.FAHRENHEIT,
+    TemperatureUnit.KELVIN: UnitOfTemperature.KELVIN,
+}
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/esphome/water_heater.py b/homeassistant/components/esphome/water_heater.py
index d98da22cd6e197..c015b63136ec05 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/esphome/water_heater.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/esphome/water_heater.py
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 from homeassistant.const import ATTR_TEMPERATURE, PRECISION_TENTHS, UnitOfTemperature
 from homeassistant.core import callback
 
+from .const import TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP
 from .entity import (
     EsphomeEntity,
     convert_api_error_ha_error,
@@ -49,7 +50,6 @@ class EsphomeWaterHeater(
 ):
     """A water heater implementation for ESPHome."""
 
-    _attr_temperature_unit = UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS
     _attr_precision = PRECISION_TENTHS
 
     @callback
@@ -57,6 +57,9 @@ def _on_static_info_update(self, static_info: EntityInfo) -> None:
         """Set attrs from static info."""
         super()._on_static_info_update(static_info)
         static_info = self._static_info
+        self._attr_temperature_unit = TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP.get(
+            static_info.temperature_unit, UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS
+        )
         self._attr_min_temp = static_info.min_temperature
         self._attr_max_temp = static_info.max_temperature
         self._attr_target_temperature_step = static_info.target_temperature_step
diff --git a/tests/components/esphome/test_climate.py b/tests/components/esphome/test_climate.py
index 2a2c232e2c463c..2901531815a588 100644
--- a/tests/components/esphome/test_climate.py
+++ b/tests/components/esphome/test_climate.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
     ClimatePreset,
     ClimateState,
     ClimateSwingMode,
+    TemperatureUnit,
 )
 import pytest
 from syrupy.assertion import SnapshotAssertion
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@
     ATTR_TARGET_TEMP_HIGH,
     ATTR_TARGET_TEMP_LOW,
     ATTR_TEMPERATURE,
+    DATA_COMPONENT,
     DOMAIN as CLIMATE_DOMAIN,
     FAN_HIGH,
     SERVICE_SET_FAN_MODE,
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@
     SWING_BOTH,
     HVACMode,
 )
-from homeassistant.const import ATTR_ENTITY_ID
+from homeassistant.const import ATTR_ENTITY_ID, UnitOfTemperature
 from homeassistant.core import HomeAssistant
 from homeassistant.exceptions import ServiceValidationError
 
@@ -685,3 +687,43 @@ async def test_climate_entity_attribute_current_temperature_unsupported(
     state = hass.states.get("climate.test_my_climate")
     assert state is not None
     assert state.attributes[ATTR_CURRENT_TEMPERATURE] is None
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("temperature_unit", "expected_unit"),
+    [
+        (TemperatureUnit.CELSIUS, UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS),
+        (TemperatureUnit.FAHRENHEIT, UnitOfTemperature.FAHRENHEIT),
+        (TemperatureUnit.KELVIN, UnitOfTemperature.KELVIN),
+        (
+            3,
+            UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS,
+        ),  # unknown value falls back to Celsius via HA's TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP default
+    ],
+)
+async def test_climate_entity_temperature_unit(
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    mock_client: APIClient,
+    mock_generic_device_entry: MockGenericDeviceEntryType,
+    temperature_unit: TemperatureUnit | int,
+    expected_unit: UnitOfTemperature,
+) -> None:
+    """Test that the temperature unit is passed through correctly."""
+    entity_info = [
+        ClimateInfo(
+            object_id="myclimate",
+            key=1,
+            name="my climate",
+            temperature_unit=temperature_unit,
+        )
+    ]
+    states = [ClimateState(key=1, mode=ClimateMode.COOL, target_temperature=22)]
+    await mock_generic_device_entry(
+        mock_client=mock_client,
+        entity_info=entity_info,
+        states=states,
+    )
+    assert hass.states.get("climate.test_my_climate") is not None
+    entity = hass.data[DATA_COMPONENT].get_entity("climate.test_my_climate")
+    assert entity is not None
+    assert entity.temperature_unit == expected_unit
diff --git a/tests/components/esphome/test_water_heater.py b/tests/components/esphome/test_water_heater.py
index 2263ce07074d94..6cc90597896696 100644
--- a/tests/components/esphome/test_water_heater.py
+++ b/tests/components/esphome/test_water_heater.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 from aioesphomeapi import (
     APIClient,
+    TemperatureUnit,
     WaterHeaterFeature,
     WaterHeaterInfo,
     WaterHeaterMode,
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 from homeassistant.components.water_heater import (
     ATTR_AWAY_MODE,
     ATTR_OPERATION_LIST,
+    DATA_COMPONENT,
     DOMAIN as WATER_HEATER_DOMAIN,
     SERVICE_SET_AWAY_MODE,
     SERVICE_SET_OPERATION_MODE,
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@
     ATTR_ENTITY_ID,
     ATTR_SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
     ATTR_TEMPERATURE,
+    UnitOfTemperature,
 )
 from homeassistant.core import HomeAssistant
 
@@ -462,3 +465,45 @@ async def test_water_heater_set_away_mode(
     mock_client.water_heater_command.assert_has_calls(
         [call(key=1, away=away_mode, device_id=0)]
     )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("temperature_unit", "expected_unit"),
+    [
+        (TemperatureUnit.CELSIUS, UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS),
+        (TemperatureUnit.FAHRENHEIT, UnitOfTemperature.FAHRENHEIT),
+        (TemperatureUnit.KELVIN, UnitOfTemperature.KELVIN),
+        (
+            3,
+            UnitOfTemperature.CELSIUS,
+        ),  # unknown value falls back to Celsius via HA's TEMPERATURE_UNIT_MAP default
+    ],
+)
+async def test_water_heater_temperature_unit(
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    mock_client: APIClient,
+    mock_generic_device_entry: MockGenericDeviceEntryType,
+    temperature_unit: TemperatureUnit | int,
+    expected_unit: UnitOfTemperature,
+) -> None:
+    """Test that the temperature unit is passed through correctly."""
+    entity_info = [
+        WaterHeaterInfo(
+            object_id="my_boiler",
+            key=1,
+            name="My Boiler",
+            min_temperature=10.0,
+            max_temperature=85.0,
+            temperature_unit=temperature_unit,
+        )
+    ]
+    states = [WaterHeaterState(key=1, target_temperature=50.0)]
+    await mock_generic_device_entry(
+        mock_client=mock_client,
+        entity_info=entity_info,
+        states=states,
+    )
+    assert hass.states.get("water_heater.test_my_boiler") is not None
+    entity = hass.data[DATA_COMPONENT].get_entity("water_heater.test_my_boiler")
+    assert entity is not None
+    assert entity.temperature_unit == expected_unit