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rename from guides/workspace/workspace-management.md
rename to glimmer-vm/guides/workspace/workspace-management.md
diff --git a/index.html b/glimmer-vm/index.html
similarity index 90%
rename from index.html
rename to glimmer-vm/index.html
index 36358e80f9..44cf6362c9 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/glimmer-vm/index.html
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
   <body>
     <script type="module">
+      import "qunit/qunit/qunit.js";
       import { runTests } from "@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests";
       await runTests(
         import.meta.glob("./packages/{@glimmer,@glimmer-workspace}/*/test/**/*-test.ts"),
diff --git a/knip.config.js b/glimmer-vm/knip.config.js
similarity index 100%
rename from knip.config.js
rename to glimmer-vm/knip.config.js
diff --git a/package.json b/glimmer-vm/package.json
similarity index 98%
rename from package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/package.json
index 3de3412dc6..ea08e3a247 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/package.json
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
     "@glimmer-workspace/eslint-plugin": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer-workspace/repo-metadata": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer/env": "0.1.7",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@rollup/plugin-sucrase": "^5.0.2",
     "@rollup/plugin-terser": "^0.4.4",
     "@tsconfig/strictest": "^2.0.5",
@@ -135,13 +135,13 @@
     },
     "overrides": {
       "@glimmer/syntax": "workspace:*",
+      "@oclif/plugin-warn-if-update-available": "^3.1.42",
       "@rollup/pluginutils": "^5.0.2",
       "@types/node": "$@types/node",
-      "typescript": "$typescript",
-      "@oclif/plugin-warn-if-update-available": "^3.1.42",
       "d3-color": "^3.1.0",
       "esbuild": "^0.25.0",
-      "got": "^11.8.5"
+      "got": "^11.8.5",
+      "typescript": "$typescript"
     },
     "peerDependencyRules": {
       "allowAny": [
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/args-proxy.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/args-proxy.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/args-proxy.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/args-proxy.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/basic-component-manager.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/basic-component-manager.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/basic-component-manager.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/basic-component-manager.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-env-delegate.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-env-delegate.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-env-delegate.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-env-delegate.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-registry.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-registry.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-registry.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/create-registry.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/on-modifier.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/on-modifier.ts
similarity index 100%
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rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/on-modifier.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/render-benchmark.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/render-benchmark.ts
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/util.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/util.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/util.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/benchmark/util.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-benchmark.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-benchmark.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-benchmark.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-benchmark.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-cell.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/benchmark-env/lib/create-cell.ts
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similarity index 100%
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index b74e780af4..2c75627e2c 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup-harness.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup-harness.ts
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 import type { Expand } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import type { Runner } from 'js-reporters';
 import { debug } from '@glimmer/validator';
-import { autoRegister } from 'js-reporters';
-import { default as QUnit } from 'qunit';
 
 const SMOKE_TEST_FILE = './packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/smoke-test.ts';
 
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@ export async function bootQunit(
 }
 
 export async function setupQunit() {
-  const qunitLib: QUnit = await import('qunit');
+  const qunitLib: QUnit = QUnit;
   await import('qunit/qunit/qunit.css');
 
   const testing = Testing.withConfig(
@@ -72,10 +70,11 @@ export async function setupQunit() {
     }
   );
 
-  const runner = autoRegister();
-
   testing.begin(() => {
     if (testing.config.ci) {
+      // @ts-expect-error TODO: js-reporters not available
+      const runner = autoRegister();
+
       // @ts-expect-error add reporters.tap to the types
 
       const tap = qunitLib.reporters.tap as {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts
index b026bb1c3a..0a1c146bf6 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/setup.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import type { IteratorDelegate } from '@glimmer/reference';
 import type { TestBase } from 'qunit';
 import setGlobalContext from '@glimmer/global-context';
 import { consumeTag, dirtyTagFor, tagFor } from '@glimmer/validator';
-import QUnit from 'qunit';
 
 import { scheduleDidDestroy, scheduleWillDestroy } from './base-env';
 import { NativeIteratorDelegate } from './modes/env';
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/snapshot.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/snapshot.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/snapshot.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/snapshot.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/components.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/components.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/components.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/components.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/custom-dom-helper.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/custom-dom-helper.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/custom-dom-helper.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/custom-dom-helper.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/debugger.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/debugger.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/debugger.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/debugger.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/each.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/emberish-components.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/emberish-components.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/emberish-components.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/emberish-components.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/entry-point.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/entry-point.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/entry-point.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/entry-point.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block-params.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block-params.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block-params.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block-params.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/has-block.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/in-element.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/in-element.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/in-element.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/in-element.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/initial-render.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/initial-render.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/initial-render.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/initial-render.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/scope.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/scope.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/scope.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/scope.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/shadowing.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/shadowing.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/shadowing.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/shadowing.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/ssr.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/ssr.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/ssr.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/ssr.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/with-dynamic-vars.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/with-dynamic-vars.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/with-dynamic-vars.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/with-dynamic-vars.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/yield.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/yield.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/yield.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/suites/yield.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-decorator.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-decorator.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-decorator.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-decorator.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/define.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/define.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/define.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/define.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/module.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/module.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/module.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/module.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/strings.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/strings.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/strings.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/strings.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked-object.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked-object.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked-object.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked-object.ts
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a14505065a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// TODO: lets point everybody who uses this directly at @glimmer/tracking
+export { tracked } from '@glimmer/tracking';
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json
index ca95e9a89e..bc25e0e7db 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/package.json
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     "@glimmer/reference": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/runtime": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/syntax": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/tracking": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/util": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/validator": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/vm": "workspace:*",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/attributes-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/attributes-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/attributes-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/attributes-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/chaos-rehydration-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/chaos-rehydration-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/chaos-rehydration-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/chaos-rehydration-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/array-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/array-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/array-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/array-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/map-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/map-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/map-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/map-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/object-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/object-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/object-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/object-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/set-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/set-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/set-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/set-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/compiler/compile-options-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/compiler/compile-options-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/compiler/compile-options-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/compiler/compile-options-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/debug-render-tree-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/debug-render-tree-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/debug-render-tree-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/debug-render-tree-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/ember-component-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/ember-component-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/ember-component-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/ember-component-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/env-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/env-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/env-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/env-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/array-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/array-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/array-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/array-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/concat-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/concat-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/concat-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/concat-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/dynamic-helpers-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/dynamic-helpers-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/dynamic-helpers-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/dynamic-helpers-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/fn-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/fn-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/fn-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/fn-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/get-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/get-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/get-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/get-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/hash-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/hash-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/hash-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/helpers/hash-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/i-n-u-r-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/i-n-u-r-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/i-n-u-r-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/i-n-u-r-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/initial-render-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/initial-render-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/initial-render-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/initial-render-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/input-range-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/input-range-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/input-range-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/input-range-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invalid-html-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invalid-html-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invalid-html-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invalid-html-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invocation-generation-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invocation-generation-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invocation-generation-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/invocation-generation-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/jit-suites-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/jit-suites-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/jit-suites-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/jit-suites-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/each-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/each-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/each-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/each-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/log-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/log-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/log-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/keywords/log-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/lexical-scope-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/lexical-scope-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/lexical-scope-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/lexical-scope-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/helper-manager-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/helper-manager-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/helper-manager-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/helper-manager-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/modifier-manager-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/modifier-manager-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/modifier-manager-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/managers/modifier-manager-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/math-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/math-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/math-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/math-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/dynamic-modifiers-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/dynamic-modifiers-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/dynamic-modifiers-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/dynamic-modifiers-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/on-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/modifiers/on-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/node-suites-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/node-suites-node-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/owner-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/owner-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/smoke-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/smoke-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/strict-mode-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/strict-mode-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/style-warnings-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/style-warnings-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/argument-less-helper-paren-less-invoke-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/argument-less-helper-paren-less-invoke-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/general-errors-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/general-errors-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/keyword-errors-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/keyword-errors-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/named-blocks-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/named-blocks-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/yield-keywords-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/syntax/yield-keywords-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-content-matrix-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-content-matrix-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-modifiers-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-modifiers-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-svg-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-svg-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/test/updating-test.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/index.ts
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/consume.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/consume.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/guard.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/guard.ts
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/syntax-error.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/syntax-error.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/lib/syntax-error.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer-workspace/test-utils/package.json
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/index.ts
similarity index 100%
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/PASSES.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/PASSES.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/PASSES.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/PASSES.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder-interface.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder-interface.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder-interface.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder-interface.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/builder/builder.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts
similarity index 96%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts
index 8c0a08154a..b25dc069d3 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/compiler.ts
@@ -28,11 +28,13 @@ interface Crypto {
 }
 
 export const defaultId: TemplateIdFn = (() => {
+  /* prettier-ignore */
   const req = (
+    // @ts-expect-error using node API here, but only here
     typeof module === 'object' && typeof module.require === 'function'
-      ? // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/unbound-method
+      ? // @ts-expect-error using node API here, but only here
         module.require
-      : globalThis.require
+      : (globalThis as any).require
   ) as typeof require | undefined;
 
   if (req) {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/README.md
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/context.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/context.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/index.ts
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rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/index.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/README.md
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/append.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/append.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/block.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/block.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/call.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/call.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/impl.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/impl.ts
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rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/impl.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/modifier.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/modifier.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/modifier.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/modifier.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/call-to-append.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/call-to-append.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/curry.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/curry.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/dynamic-vars.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/dynamic-vars.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/has-block.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/has-block.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/if-unless.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/if-unless.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/log.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/keywords/utils/log.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/constants.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/constants.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/classified.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/classified.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/component.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/component.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/simple-element.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/element/simple-element.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/expressions.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/expressions.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/statements.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/statements.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/strict-mode.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/1-normalization/visitors/strict-mode.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/README.md
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/content.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/content.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/index.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/mir.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/passes/2-encoding/mir.ts
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rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/shared/list.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/shared/result.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/shared/result.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/utils.ts
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diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-encoding.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-encoding.md
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rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-encoding.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-encoding.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-format-debug.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-format-debug.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-format-debug.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/lib/wire-format-debug.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json
index be85f022ae..fdcb8cd8e0 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/package.json
@@ -45,8 +45,6 @@
     "@glimmer/wire-format": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/constants": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/compiler-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/compiler-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/compiler-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/compiler-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/compiler/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/brand.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/brand.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/brand.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/brand.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/builder-constants.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/builder-constants.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/builder-constants.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/builder-constants.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/curried.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/curried.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/curried.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/curried.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/dom.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/dom.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/dom.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/dom.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/immediate.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/immediate.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/immediate.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/immediate.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/syscall-ops.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/syscall-ops.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/syscall-ops.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/syscall-ops.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/vm-ops.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/vm-ops.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/vm-ops.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/lib/vm-ops.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/debug-to-string-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/immediate-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/immediate-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/test/immediate-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/immediate-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json
similarity index 89%
rename from packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json
index e7a008aeaf..aca6bf9a7d 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/constants/test/package.json
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   "version": "0.92.0",
   "scripts": {},
   "dependencies": {
-    "@glimmer/env": "0.1.7",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/util": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/assert.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/assert.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/assert.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/assert.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-brand.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-brand.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-brand.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-brand.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts
index f7126fa6ab..23a43bc2b8 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/debug-to-string.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { AnyFn } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 
 let debugToString: undefined | ((value: unknown) => string);
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   let getFunctionName = (fn: AnyFn) => {
     let functionName = fn.name;
 
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/platform-utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/platform-utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/platform-utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/platform-utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/present.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/present.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/present.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/present.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/simple-cast.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/simple-cast.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/simple-cast.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/simple-cast.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/template.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/template.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts
similarity index 95%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts
index 15c976c4af..8cf9a2c237 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/lib/untouchable-this.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-empty-object-type */
 export default function buildUntouchableThis(source: string): null | object {
   let context: null | object = null;
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     let assertOnProperty = (property: string | number | symbol) => {
       let access =
         typeof property === 'symbol' || typeof property === 'number'
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json
index 2533dab022..e6cb231a47 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/package.json
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "typescript": "^5.7.3"
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
index 4f014a0b2e..ae93f71cd1 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/debug-to-string-test.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 /// <reference types="vite/client" />
 
 import { debugToString as maybeDebugToString } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 
 QUnit.module('debug-to-string tests');
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   const debugToString = maybeDebugToString as (value: unknown) => string;
   QUnit.test('[debugToString] should be an function in debug mode', (assert) => {
     assert.deepEqual(typeof maybeDebugToString, 'function');
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json
similarity index 87%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json
index 649221ff58..6de4b6d08f 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug-util/test/package.json
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   "version": "0.92.0",
   "scripts": {},
   "dependencies": {
-    "@glimmer/env": "0.1.7",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/util": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts
index deaa630b90..215c9bae3e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 export type { DebugOp, SomeDisassembledOperand } from './lib/debug';
-export { debugOp, describeOpcode, logOpcodeSlice } from './lib/debug';
-export { describeOp } from './lib/dism/opcode';
+export { debugOp, describeOpcode, logOpcodeSlice, describeOp } from './lib/debug';
 export {
   buildEnum,
   buildMetas,
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts
similarity index 91%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts
index 522676d16e..cef99d0e87 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/debug.ts
@@ -23,11 +23,28 @@ import { $fp, $pc, $ra, $s0, $s1, $sp, $t0, $t1, $v0 } from '@glimmer/vm';
 import type { Primitive, RegisterName } from './dism/dism';
 import type { NormalizedOperand, OperandType, ShorthandOperand } from './dism/operand-types';
 
-import { describeOp } from './dism/opcode';
 import { OPERANDS } from './dism/operands';
 import { opcodeMetadata } from './opcode-metadata';
-import { frag } from './render/fragment';
+import { frag, type Fragment, as, type IntoFragment } from './render/fragment';
 import { DebugLogger } from './render/logger';
+import { SerializeBlockContext } from './dism/opcode';
+import { join } from './render/basic';
+
+export function describeOp(
+  op: RuntimeOp,
+  program: Program,
+  meta: Nullable<BlockMetadata>
+): Fragment {
+  const { name, params } = debugOp(program, op, meta);
+
+  const block = new SerializeBlockContext(meta?.symbols ?? null);
+
+  let args: IntoFragment[] = Object.entries(params).map(
+    ([p, v]) => frag`${as.attrName(p)}=${block.serialize(v)}`
+  );
+
+  return frag`(${join([as.kw(name), ...args], ' ')})`;
+}
 
 export function logOpcodeSlice(context: CompilationContext, start: number, end: number) {
   if (LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING) {
@@ -405,48 +422,3 @@ function fromRaw(operands: Dict<RawDisassembledOperand>): Dict<SomeDisassembledO
     Object.entries(operands).map(([name, raw]) => [name, DisassembledOperand.of(raw)])
   );
 }
-
-export function decodeCurry(curry: number): 'component' | 'helper' | 'modifier' {
-  switch (curry) {
-    case CURRIED_COMPONENT:
-      return 'component';
-    case CURRIED_HELPER:
-      return 'helper';
-    case CURRIED_MODIFIER:
-      return 'modifier';
-    default:
-      throw Error(`Unexpected curry value: ${curry}`);
-  }
-}
-
-export function decodeRegister(register: number): RegisterName {
-  switch (register) {
-    case $pc:
-      return '$pc';
-    case $ra:
-      return '$ra';
-    case $fp:
-      return '$fp';
-    case $sp:
-      return '$sp';
-    case $s0:
-      return '$s0';
-    case $s1:
-      return '$s1';
-    case $t0:
-      return '$t0';
-    case $t1:
-      return '$t1';
-    case $v0:
-      return '$v0';
-    default:
-      return `$bug${register}`;
-  }
-}
-
-export function decodePrimitive(primitive: number, constants: ProgramConstants): Primitive {
-  if (primitive >= 0) {
-    return constants.getValue(decodeHandle(primitive));
-  }
-  return decodeImmediate(primitive);
-}
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/decoders.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/decoders.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bbe9d0a9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/decoders.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import type { ProgramConstants } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
+import {
+  CURRIED_COMPONENT,
+  CURRIED_HELPER,
+  CURRIED_MODIFIER,
+  decodeHandle,
+  decodeImmediate,
+} from '@glimmer/constants';
+import { $fp, $pc, $ra, $s0, $s1, $sp, $t0, $t1, $v0 } from '@glimmer/vm';
+
+import type { Primitive, RegisterName } from './dism/dism';
+
+export function decodeCurry(curry: number): 'component' | 'helper' | 'modifier' {
+  switch (curry) {
+    case CURRIED_COMPONENT:
+      return 'component';
+    case CURRIED_HELPER:
+      return 'helper';
+    case CURRIED_MODIFIER:
+      return 'modifier';
+    default:
+      throw Error(`Unexpected curry value: ${curry}`);
+  }
+}
+
+export function decodeRegister(register: number): RegisterName {
+  switch (register) {
+    case $pc:
+      return '$pc';
+    case $ra:
+      return '$ra';
+    case $fp:
+      return '$fp';
+    case $sp:
+      return '$sp';
+    case $s0:
+      return '$s0';
+    case $s1:
+      return '$s1';
+    case $t0:
+      return '$t0';
+    case $t1:
+      return '$t1';
+    case $v0:
+      return '$v0';
+    default:
+      return `$bug${register}`;
+  }
+}
+
+export function decodePrimitive(primitive: number, constants: ProgramConstants): Primitive {
+  if (primitive >= 0) {
+    return constants.getValue(decodeHandle(primitive));
+  }
+  return decodeImmediate(primitive);
+}
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/dism.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/dism.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/dism.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/dism.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts
similarity index 94%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts
index 19f0ed1b49..bcffde758d 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/opcode.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
 import type { ClassifiedLocalDebug, ClassifiedLocalDebugFor } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 import type {
   AppendingBlock,
-  BlockMetadata,
   BlockSymbolNames,
   Cursor,
   NamedArguments,
   Nullable,
   PositionalArguments,
-  Program,
-  RuntimeOp,
   VMArguments,
 } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { dev, exhausted, getLocalDebugType } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
@@ -19,27 +16,10 @@ import type { ValueRefOptions } from '../render/basic';
 import type { IntoFragment } from '../render/fragment';
 import type { RegisterName, SomeDisassembledOperand } from './dism';
 
-import { debugOp } from '../debug';
 import { empty, join, unknownValue, value } from '../render/basic';
 import { array } from '../render/combinators';
 import { as, frag, Fragment } from '../render/fragment';
 
-export function describeOp(
-  op: RuntimeOp,
-  program: Program,
-  meta: Nullable<BlockMetadata>
-): Fragment {
-  const { name, params } = debugOp(program, op, meta);
-
-  const block = new SerializeBlockContext(meta?.symbols ?? null);
-
-  let args: IntoFragment[] = Object.entries(params).map(
-    ([p, v]) => frag`${as.attrName(p)}=${block.serialize(v)}`
-  );
-
-  return frag`(${join([as.kw(name), ...args], ' ')})`;
-}
-
 export class SerializeBlockContext {
   readonly #symbols: Nullable<BlockSymbolNames>;
 
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operand-types.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operand-types.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operand-types.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operand-types.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts
index 8cbb7c3154..1f0a3b651c 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/dism/operands.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import type {
   OperandType,
 } from './operand-types';
 
-import { decodeCurry, decodePrimitive, decodeRegister } from '../debug';
+import { decodeCurry, decodePrimitive, decodeRegister } from '../decoders';
 
 interface DisassemblyState {
   readonly offset: number;
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/metadata.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/metadata.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/metadata.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/metadata.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/opcode-metadata.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/opcode-metadata.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/opcode-metadata.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/opcode-metadata.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/annotations.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/annotations.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/annotations.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/annotations.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/basic.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/basic.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/basic.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/basic.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/buffer.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/buffer.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/buffer.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/buffer.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/combinators.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/combinators.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/combinators.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/combinators.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/entry.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/entry.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/entry.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/entry.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/format.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/format.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/format.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/format.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment-type.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment-type.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment-type.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment-type.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/fragment.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/logger.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/logger.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/logger.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/logger.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/ref.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/ref.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/ref.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/ref.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/styles.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/styles.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/styles.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/render/styles.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts
index a960fe6504..7c51343907 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/stack-check.ts
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ function defaultMessage(value: unknown, expected: string): string {
   return `Got ${value}, expected:\n${expected}`;
 }
 
-/*@__PURE__*/
+/*@__NO_SIDE_EFFECTS__*/
 export function check<T>(
   value: unknown,
   checker: Checker<T>,
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts
index 42c70c0fa1..0f44670906 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/lib/vm/snapshot.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import { $fp, $pc } from '@glimmer/vm';
 
 import type { Fragment } from '../render/fragment';
 
-import { decodeRegister } from '../debug';
+import { decodeRegister } from '../decoders';
 import { value } from '../render/basic';
 import { array } from '../render/combinators';
 import { as, frag } from '../render/fragment';
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/metadata-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/metadata-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/test/metadata-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/metadata-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/debug/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/debug/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts
similarity index 95%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts
index 4fd0de9a1c..322669fd8e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { Destroyable, Destructor } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { debugToString } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 import { scheduleDestroy, scheduleDestroyed } from '@glimmer/global-context';
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ function iterate<T extends object>(collection: OneOrMany<T>, fn: (item: T) => vo
 }
 
 function remove<T extends object>(collection: OneOrMany<T>, item: T, message: string | false) {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     let collectionIsItem = collection === item;
     let collectionContainsItem = Array.isArray(collection) && collection.indexOf(item) !== -1;
 
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ function getDestroyableMeta<T extends Destroyable>(destroyable: T): DestroyableM
       state: LIVE_STATE,
     };
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       meta.source = destroyable as object;
     }
 
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ function getDestroyableMeta<T extends Destroyable>(destroyable: T): DestroyableM
 }
 
 export function associateDestroyableChild<T extends Destroyable>(parent: Destroyable, child: T): T {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && isDestroying(parent)) {
+  if (DEBUG && isDestroying(parent)) {
     throw new Error(
       'Attempted to associate a destroyable child with an object that is already destroying or destroyed'
     );
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ export function registerDestructor<T extends Destroyable>(
   destructor: Destructor<T>,
   eager = false
 ): Destructor<T> {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && isDestroying(destroyable)) {
+  if (DEBUG && isDestroying(destroyable)) {
     throw new Error(
       'Attempted to register a destructor with an object that is already destroying or destroyed'
     );
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ export function unregisterDestructor<T extends Destroyable>(
   destructor: Destructor<T>,
   eager = false
 ): void {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && isDestroying(destroyable)) {
+  if (DEBUG && isDestroying(destroyable)) {
     throw new Error(
       'Attempted to unregister a destructor with an object that is already destroying or destroyed'
     );
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ export function unregisterDestructor<T extends Destroyable>(
   meta[destructorsKey] = remove(
     meta[destructorsKey],
     destructor,
-    import.meta.env.DEV &&
+    DEBUG &&
       'attempted to remove a destructor that was not registered with the destroyable'
   );
 }
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ function removeChildFromParent(child: Destroyable, parent: Destroyable) {
     parentMeta.children = remove(
       parentMeta.children,
       child,
-      import.meta.env.DEV &&
+      DEBUG &&
         "attempted to remove child from parent, but the parent's children did not contain the child. This is likely a bug with destructors."
     );
   }
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ export function isDestroyed(destroyable: Destroyable) {
 export let enableDestroyableTracking: undefined | (() => void);
 export let assertDestroyablesDestroyed: undefined | (() => void);
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   let isTesting = false;
 
   enableDestroyableTracking = () => {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json
index 8994d84cdc..7abf7d18ab 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/package.json
@@ -38,9 +38,8 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+     "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts
index d1b56864a7..4ce2aa858d 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/destroyables-test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { GlobalContext } from '@glimmer/global-context';
 import { unwrap } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 import {
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@ module('Destroyables', (hooks) => {
     assert.verifySteps(['child destructor', 'parent destructor'], 'destructors run bottom up');
   });
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     test('attempting to unregister a destructor that was not registered throws an error', (assert) => {
       assert.throws(() => {
         unregisterDestructor({}, () => 123);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/destroyable/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/encoder/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/encoder/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts
index 31df22eb20..ce9d19be6e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/lib/encoder.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CompilerBuffer,
   InstructionEncoder,
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ export class InstructionEncoderImpl implements InstructionEncoder {
     this.buffer.push(first);
 
     for (const op of args) {
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && typeof op === 'number' && op > MAX_SIZE) {
+      if (DEBUG && typeof op === 'number' && op > MAX_SIZE) {
         throw new Error(`Operand over 32-bits. Got ${op}.`);
       }
       this.buffer.push(op);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json
index e778593754..05708ba8af 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/package.json
@@ -37,8 +37,7 @@
     "@glimmer/vm": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/encoder/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/encoder/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/encoder/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/global-context/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts
index 294ca9d9ad..e604817e5a 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment */
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
 /**
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ export function debugAssert(
   options?: { id: string }
 ): asserts test {
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && assert) {
+  if (DEBUG && assert) {
     assert(test, typeof msg === 'string' ? msg : msg(), options);
   }
 }
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ export interface GlobalContext {
 let globalContextWasSet = false;
 
 export default function setGlobalContext(context: GlobalContext) {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     if (globalContextWasSet) {
       throw new Error('Attempted to set the global context twice. This should only be set once.');
     }
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ export let testOverrideGlobalContext:
   | ((context: Partial<GlobalContext> | null) => GlobalContext | null)
   | undefined;
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   assertGlobalContextWasSet = () => {
     if (!globalContextWasSet) {
       throw new Error(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json
index f351cfede9..acd733dd2e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/package.json
@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@
     "test:publint": "publint"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/global-context/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/global-context/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/global-context/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/README.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/README.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/array.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/array.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/array.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/array.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/encoder.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/encoder.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/encoder.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/encoder.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/instruction-encoder.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/instruction-encoder.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/instruction-encoder.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/instruction-encoder.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/operands.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/operands.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/operands.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/operands.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/api.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/api.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/api.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/api.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/opcodes.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/opcodes.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/opcodes.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/opcodes.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/resolution.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/resolution.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/resolution.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/compile/wire-format/resolution.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/components.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/components.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/components.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/components.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/content.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/content.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/content.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/content.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/core.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/core.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/core.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/core.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/curry.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/curry.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/curry.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/curry.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/attributes.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/attributes.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/attributes.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/attributes.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/bounds.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/bounds.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/bounds.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/bounds.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/changes.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/changes.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/changes.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/changes.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/simple.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/simple.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/simple.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/simple.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/tree-construction.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/tree-construction.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/tree-construction.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/dom/tree-construction.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/capabilities.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/capabilities.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/capabilities.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/capabilities.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/component.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/component.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/component.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/component.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/helper.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/helper.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/helper.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/helper.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/component.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/component.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/component.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/component.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/helper.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/helper.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/helper.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/helper.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/modifier.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/modifier.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/modifier.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/internal/modifier.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/modifier.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/modifier.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/modifier.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/managers/modifier.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/program.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/program.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/program.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/program.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/references.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/references.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/references.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/references.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/arguments.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/arguments.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/arguments.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/arguments.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/debug-render-tree.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/debug-render-tree.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/debug-render-tree.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/debug-render-tree.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/element.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/element.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/element.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/element.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/environment.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/environment.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/environment.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/environment.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/helper.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/helper.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/helper.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/helper.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/local-debug.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/local-debug.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/local-debug.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/local-debug.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/modifier.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/modifier.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/modifier.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/modifier.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/owner.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/owner.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/owner.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/owner.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/render.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/render.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/render.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/render.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/runtime.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/runtime.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/runtime.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/runtime.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/scope.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/scope.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/scope.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/scope.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm-state.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm-state.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm-state.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm-state.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/runtime/vm.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/serialize.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/serialize.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/serialize.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/serialize.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/stack.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/stack.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/stack.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/stack.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tags.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tags.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tags.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tags.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/template.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/template.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/template.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/template.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tier1/symbol-table.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tier1/symbol-table.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tier1/symbol-table.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/tier1/symbol-table.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/type-utils.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/type-utils.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/type-utils.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/type-utils.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/vm-opcodes.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/vm-opcodes.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/vm-opcodes.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/lib/vm-opcodes.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/interfaces/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/interfaces/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/index.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/index.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/index.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-babel-plugin/package.json
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/disabled.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/disabled.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6667e6486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/disabled.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+  The rollup pre-publication build resolves this instead of the real dev-time implementation in ./index.ts.
+*/
+
+export const LOCAL_DEBUG = false;
+export const LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING = false;
+export const LOCAL_EXPLAIN_LOGGING = false;
+export const LOCAL_INTERNALS_LOGGING = false;
+export const LOCAL_SUBTLE_LOGGING = false;
+
+export function hasFlagWith(): boolean {
+  return false;
+}
+
+export function getFlagValues(): string[] {
+  return [];
+}
+
+export function getFlag(): boolean | string | string[] | null {
+  return null;
+}
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts
similarity index 89%
rename from packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts
index 398704c20a..eeb4c56cf7 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/index.ts
@@ -7,16 +7,16 @@ declare global {
 }
 
 // All of these flags are expected to become constant `false` in production builds.
-export const LOCAL_DEBUG = !!(import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV && !hasFlag('disable_local_debug'));
+export const LOCAL_DEBUG = !!(import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV && !hasFlag('disable_local_debug'));
 export const LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING = !!(
-  import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_trace_logging')
+  import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_trace_logging')
 );
 export const LOCAL_EXPLAIN_LOGGING =
-  import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_trace_explanations');
+  import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_trace_explanations');
 export const LOCAL_INTERNALS_LOGGING =
-  import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_internals_logging');
+  import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_internals_logging');
 export const LOCAL_SUBTLE_LOGGING =
-  import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_subtle_logging');
+  import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV && hasFlag('enable_subtle_logging');
 
 if (LOCAL_INTERNALS_LOGGING || LOCAL_EXPLAIN_LOGGING) {
   console.group('%cLogger Flags:', 'font-weight: normal; color: teal');
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ if (LOCAL_INTERNALS_LOGGING || LOCAL_EXPLAIN_LOGGING) {
   }
 }
 
-// This function should turn into a constant `return false` in `import.meta.env.PROD`,
+// This function should turn into a constant `return false` in `import.meta.env?.PROD`,
 // which should inline properly via terser, swc and esbuild.
 //
 // https://tiny.katz.zone/BNqN3F
 function hasFlag(flag: string): true | false {
-  if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
+  if (import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
     const url = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? new URL(window.location.href) : null;
 
     return url?.searchParams.has(flag) ?? false;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ function hasFlag(flag: string): true | false {
   }
 }
 
-if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
+if (import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
   if ('stackTraceLimit' in Error) {
     Error.stackTraceLimit = Infinity;
   }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
  * The pattern can have a `*`, which matches any number of characters.
  */
 export function hasFlagWith(flag: string, value: string): boolean {
-  if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
+  if (import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
     const url = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? new URL(window.location.href) : null;
 
     const pattern = new RegExp(`^${value.replace(/\*/gu, '.*')}$`, 'u');
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ export function hasFlagWith(flag: string, value: string): boolean {
 }
 
 export function getFlagValues(flag: string): string[] {
-  if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
+  if (import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
     const url = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? new URL(window.location.href) : null;
 
     const all = url?.searchParams.getAll(flag);
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ export function getFlagValues(flag: string): string[] {
 }
 
 export function getFlag(flag: string): boolean | string | string[] | null {
-  if (import.meta.env.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
+  if (import.meta.env?.VM_LOCAL_DEV) {
     const url = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? new URL(window.location.href) : null;
 
     const all = url?.searchParams.getAll(flag);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/local-debug-flags/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts
index 6ccb0913b0..5528bb8ae5 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/api.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Helper,
   InternalComponentManager,
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ function setManager<Def extends object>(
   manager: object,
   obj: Def
 ): Def {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     debugAssert(
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition -- JS-only check
       obj !== null && (typeof obj === 'object' || typeof obj === 'function'),
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ export function getInternalModifierManager(
   definition: object,
   isOptional?: true
 ): InternalModifierManager | null {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     debugAssert(
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition -- JS-only check
       (typeof definition === 'object' && definition !== null) || typeof definition === 'function',
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ export function getInternalModifierManager(
   const manager = getManager(MODIFIER_MANAGERS, definition);
 
   if (manager === undefined) {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       debugAssert(
         isOptional,
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ export function getInternalHelperManager(
     return manager;
   } else if (isOptional === true) {
     return null;
-  } else if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  } else if (DEBUG) {
     throw new Error(
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       `Attempted to load a helper, but there wasn't a helper manager associated with the definition. The definition was: ${debugToString!(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/defaults.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/defaults.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/defaults.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/internal/defaults.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/api.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/api.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts
index bf1da8e15f..f1af08b6e9 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/component.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Arguments,
   ComponentCapabilities,
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ export function componentCapabilities<Version extends keyof ComponentCapabilitie
   managerAPI: Version,
   options: ComponentCapabilitiesVersions[Version] = {}
 ): ComponentCapabilities {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && managerAPI !== '3.13') {
+  if (DEBUG && managerAPI !== '3.13') {
     throw new Error('Invalid component manager compatibility specified');
   }
 
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ export class CustomComponentManager<O extends Owner, ComponentInstance>
       delegate = factory(owner);
 
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
+      if (DEBUG && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
         // TODO: This error message should make sense in both Ember and Glimmer https://github.com/glimmerjs/glimmer-vm/issues/1200
         throw new Error(
           `Custom component managers must have a \`capabilities\` property that is the result of calling the \`capabilities('3.13')\` (imported via \`import { capabilities } from '@ember/component';\`). Received: \`${JSON.stringify(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts
index f93fef3f24..d2561f1bea 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/helper.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Helper,
   HelperCapabilities,
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ export function helperCapabilities<Version extends keyof HelperCapabilitiesVersi
   );
 
   if (
-    import.meta.env.DEV &&
+    DEBUG &&
     (!(options.hasValue || options.hasScheduledEffect) ||
       (options.hasValue && options.hasScheduledEffect))
   ) {
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export function helperCapabilities<Version extends keyof HelperCapabilitiesVersi
     );
   }
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && options.hasScheduledEffect) {
+  if (DEBUG && options.hasScheduledEffect) {
     throw new Error(
       'The `hasScheduledEffect` capability has not yet been implemented for helper managers. Please pass `hasValue` instead'
     );
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ export class CustomHelperManager<O extends Owner = Owner> implements InternalHel
       delegate = factory(owner);
 
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
+      if (DEBUG && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
         // TODO: This error message should make sense in both Ember and Glimmer https://github.com/glimmerjs/glimmer-vm/issues/1200
         throw new Error(
           `Custom helper managers must have a \`capabilities\` property that is the result of calling the \`capabilities('3.23')\` (imported via \`import { capabilities } from '@ember/helper';\`). Received: \`${JSON.stringify(
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ export class CustomHelperManager<O extends Owner = Owner> implements InternalHel
         let cache = createComputeRef(
           () => manager.getValue(bucket),
           null,
-          import.meta.env.DEV && manager.getDebugName && manager.getDebugName(definition)
+          DEBUG && manager.getDebugName && manager.getDebugName(definition)
         );
 
         if (hasDestroyable(manager)) {
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ export class CustomHelperManager<O extends Owner = Owner> implements InternalHel
       } else if (hasDestroyable(manager)) {
         let ref = createConstRef(
           undefined,
-          import.meta.env.DEV && (manager.getDebugName?.(definition) ?? 'unknown helper')
+          DEBUG && (manager.getDebugName?.(definition) ?? 'unknown helper')
         );
 
         associateDestroyableChild(ref, manager.getDestroyable(bucket));
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts
index c790eff351..133d12d01f 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/modifier.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Arguments,
   CapturedArguments,
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ export class CustomModifierManager<O extends Owner, ModifierInstance>
       delegate = factory(owner);
 
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
+      if (DEBUG && !FROM_CAPABILITIES!.has(delegate.capabilities)) {
         // TODO: This error message should make sense in both Ember and Glimmer https://github.com/glimmerjs/glimmer-vm/issues/1200
         throw new Error(
           `Custom modifier managers must have a \`capabilities\` property that is the result of calling the \`capabilities('3.22')\` (imported via \`import { capabilities } from '@ember/modifier';\`). Received: \`${JSON.stringify(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts
index 4a4effdceb..d7dba77d78 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/public/template.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { TemplateFactory } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { debugToString } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ const getPrototypeOf = Reflect.getPrototypeOf;
 
 export function setComponentTemplate(factory: TemplateFactory, obj: object) {
   if (
-    import.meta.env.DEV &&
+    DEBUG &&
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition -- JS-only check
     !(obj !== null && (typeof obj === 'object' || typeof obj === 'function'))
   ) {
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ export function setComponentTemplate(factory: TemplateFactory, obj: object) {
     throw new Error(`Cannot call \`setComponentTemplate\` on \`${debugToString!(obj)}\``);
   }
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && TEMPLATES.has(obj)) {
+  if (DEBUG && TEMPLATES.has(obj)) {
     throw new Error(
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       `Cannot call \`setComponentTemplate\` multiple times on the same class (\`${debugToString!(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts
index 7b43a163ba..e97a1fbe20 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/args-proxy.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Arguments,
   CapturedArguments,
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ class NamedArgsProxy implements ProxyHandler<{}> {
 
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-empty-object-type -- @fixme
   getOwnPropertyDescriptor(_target: {}, prop: string | number | symbol) {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && !(prop in this.named)) {
+    if (DEBUG && !(prop in this.named)) {
       throw new Error(
         `args proxies do not have real property descriptors, so you should never need to call getOwnPropertyDescriptor yourself. This code exists for enumerability, such as in for-in loops and Object.keys(). Attempted to get the descriptor for \`${String(
           prop
@@ -151,7 +152,7 @@ export const argsProxyFor = (
   const namedTarget = Object.create(null);
   const positionalTarget: unknown[] = [];
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     const setHandler = function (_target: unknown, prop: symbol | string | number): never {
       throw new Error(
         `You attempted to set ${String(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts
index a2010aa413..7254e12980 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/lib/util/capabilities.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   AttributeHookCapability,
   Capabilities,
@@ -26,10 +27,10 @@ import type {
 import { check, CheckNumber } from '@glimmer/debug';
 import { InternalComponentCapabilities } from '@glimmer/vm';
 
-export const FROM_CAPABILITIES = import.meta.env.DEV ? new WeakSet() : undefined;
+export const FROM_CAPABILITIES = DEBUG ? new WeakSet() : undefined;
 
 export function buildCapabilities<T extends object>(capabilities: T): T & Capabilities {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
     FROM_CAPABILITIES!.add(capabilities);
     Object.freeze(capabilities);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json
index fbeb811cb6..662d5c50a1 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/package.json
@@ -42,10 +42,9 @@
     "@glimmer/vm": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/capabilities-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/capabilities-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/test/capabilities-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/capabilities-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts
index 00cf54c782..2d28b60263 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/managers-test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   ComponentManager,
   HelperManager,
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ module('Managers', () => {
       );
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('throws if multiple component managers associated with the same definition', (assert) => {
         let definition = setInternalComponentManager({} as any, {});
 
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ module('Managers', () => {
       assert.strictEqual(instance1, helper, 'manager is the internal helper');
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('throws if multiple helper managers associated with the same definition', (assert) => {
         let definition = setInternalHelperManager(() => {
           return {} as any;
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ module('Managers', () => {
       );
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('throws if multiple modifier managers associated with the same definition', (assert) => {
         let definition = setModifierManager(() => {
           return {} as any;
@@ -376,7 +377,7 @@ module('Managers', () => {
 });
 
 function assertPrimitiveUsage(assert: Assert, setManager: any) {
-  if (!import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (!DEBUG) {
     assert.expect(0);
     return;
   }
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/manager/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/manager/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/node-dom-helper.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/node-dom-helper.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/lib/node-dom-helper.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/node-dom-helper.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/serialize-builder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/serialize-builder.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/lib/serialize-builder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/lib/serialize-builder.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/package.json
similarity index 91%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/package.json
index a98e7af6f5..ae3360cb6c 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/node/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/package.json
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@
     "@simple-dom/document": "^1.4.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/compiler": "workspace:*",
     "@types/qunit": "^2.19.12",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/node/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/node/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/node/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/TODO.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/TODO.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/TODO.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/TODO.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compilable-template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compilable-template.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compilable-template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compilable-template.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compiler.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compiler.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compiler.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/compiler.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/context.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/context.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/context.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/context.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/delegate.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/delegate.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/delegate.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/delegate.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts
index b438955c90..e0d7169197 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/encoder.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   BlockMetadata,
   BuilderOp,
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ export class EncoderImpl implements Encoder {
   ): void {
     let { heap } = this;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && (type as number) > TYPE_SIZE) {
+    if (DEBUG && (type as number) > TYPE_SIZE) {
       throw new Error(`Opcode type over 8-bits. Got ${type}.`);
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/blocks.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/blocks.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/blocks.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/blocks.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/components.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/components.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/components.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/components.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/conditional.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/conditional.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/conditional.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/conditional.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/expr.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/expr.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/expr.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/expr.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts
similarity index 96%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts
index 6f599a2679..b4cb62f09f 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/resolution.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   BlockMetadata,
   BlockSymbolNames,
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ interface ResolvedBlockMetadata extends BlockMetadata {
 }
 
 function assertResolverInvariants(meta: BlockMetadata): ResolvedBlockMetadata {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     if (!meta.symbols.upvars) {
       throw new Error(
         'Attempted to resolve a component, helper, or modifier, but no free vars were found'
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ export function resolveComponent(
 
   let type = expr[0];
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && expr[0] === SexpOpcodes.GetStrictKeyword) {
+  if (DEBUG && expr[0] === SexpOpcodes.GetStrictKeyword) {
     localAssert(!meta.isStrictMode, 'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time');
 
     throw new Error(
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ export function resolveComponent(
     let name = unwrap(upvars[expr[1]]);
     let definition = resolver?.lookupComponent?.(name, owner) ?? null;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && (typeof definition !== 'object' || definition === null)) {
+    if (DEBUG && (typeof definition !== 'object' || definition === null)) {
       localAssert(
         !meta.isStrictMode,
         'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ export function resolveHelper(
     let name = unwrap(upvars[expr[1]]);
     let helper = resolver?.lookupHelper?.(name, owner) ?? null;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && helper === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && helper === null) {
       localAssert(
         !meta.isStrictMode,
         'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ export function resolveModifier(
     let name = unwrap(upvars[expr[1]]);
     let modifier = resolver?.lookupBuiltInModifier?.(name) ?? null;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && modifier === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && modifier === null) {
       localAssert(
         !meta.isStrictMode,
         'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -244,7 +245,7 @@ export function resolveModifier(
     let name = unwrap(upvars[expr[1]]);
     let modifier = resolver?.lookupModifier?.(name, owner) ?? null;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && modifier === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && modifier === null) {
       localAssert(
         !meta.isStrictMode,
         'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ export function resolveComponentOrHelper(
 
     let helper = constants.helper(definition as object, null, true);
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && helper === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && helper === null) {
       localAssert(
         !meta.isStrictMode,
         'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@ export function resolveComponentOrHelper(
     } else {
       let helper = resolver?.lookupHelper?.(name, owner) ?? null;
 
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && helper === null) {
+      if (DEBUG && helper === null) {
         localAssert(
           !meta.isStrictMode,
           'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time'
@@ -451,7 +452,7 @@ function lookupBuiltInHelper(
   let name = unwrap(upvars[expr[1]]);
   let helper = resolver?.lookupBuiltInHelper?.(name) ?? null;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && helper === null) {
+  if (DEBUG && helper === null) {
     localAssert(!meta.isStrictMode, 'Strict mode errors should already be handled at compile time');
 
     // Keyword helper did not exist, which means that we're attempting to use a
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/shared.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/shared.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/shared.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/shared.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/stdlib.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/stdlib.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/stdlib.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/stdlib.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/vm.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/vm.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/vm.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/helpers/vm.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/opcodes.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/opcodes.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/opcodes.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/opcodes.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/operands.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/operands.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/operands.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/operands.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/stdlib.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/stdlib.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/stdlib.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/opcode-builder/stdlib.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/program-context.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/program-context.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/program-context.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/program-context.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/compilers.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/compilers.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/compilers.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/compilers.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/expressions.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/expressions.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/expressions.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/expressions.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/statements.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/statements.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/statements.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/syntax/statements.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/template.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/template.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/wrapped-component.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/wrapped-component.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/wrapped-component.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/lib/wrapped-component.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json
index 432a3bee39..edd359a013 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/package.json
@@ -41,11 +41,10 @@
     "@glimmer/wire-format": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/constants": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/opcode-compiler/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json
index 121c889b14..495fc6302e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/package.json
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@
     "test:publint": "publint"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/owner-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/owner-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/test/owner-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/owner-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/owner/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/owner/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/constants.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/constants.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/lib/constants.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/constants.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/helpers.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/helpers.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/lib/helpers.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/helpers.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/opcode.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/opcode.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/lib/opcode.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/opcode.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/program.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/program.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/lib/program.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/program.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/util/default-template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/util/default-template.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/lib/util/default-template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/lib/util/default-template.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/package.json
index d040b6d5f6..caf1233a6f 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/program/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/package.json
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@
     "@glimmer/wire-format": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/constants": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/test/artifacts-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/artifacts-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/test/artifacts-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/artifacts-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/test/heap-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/heap-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/test/heap-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/heap-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/program/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/program/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/program/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
index d496114f33..f0a60fe9c0 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/iterable.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { Dict, Nullable } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { getPath, toIterator } from '@glimmer/global-context';
 import { EMPTY_ARRAY, isIndexable } from '@glimmer/util';
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ const IDENTITY: KeyFor = (item) => {
 };
 
 function keyForPath(path: string): KeyFor {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && path[0] === '@') {
+  if (DEBUG && path[0] === '@') {
     throw new Error(`invalid keypath: '${path}', valid keys: @index, @identity, or a path`);
   }
   return uniqueKeyFor((item) => getPath(item as object, path));
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts
similarity index 95%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts
index 1aba55187c..bc1f94d55c 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/lib/reference.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   ComputeReference,
   ConstantReference,
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ export function createPrimitiveRef<T extends string | symbol | number | boolean
   ref.tag = CONSTANT_TAG;
   ref.lastValue = value;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     ref.debugLabel = String(value);
   }
 
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ export function createConstRef<T>(value: T, debugLabel: false | string): Referen
   ref.lastValue = value;
   ref.tag = CONSTANT_TAG;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     ref.debugLabel = debugLabel as string;
   }
 
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ export function createUnboundRef<T>(value: T, debugLabel: false | string): Refer
   ref.lastValue = value;
   ref.tag = CONSTANT_TAG;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     ref.debugLabel = debugLabel as string;
   }
 
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ export function createComputeRef<T = unknown>(
   ref.compute = compute;
   ref.update = update;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     ref.debugLabel = `(result of a \`${debugLabel}\` helper)`;
   }
 
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ export function valueForRef<T>(_ref: Reference<T>): T {
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
         lastValue = ref.lastValue = compute!();
       },
-      import.meta.env.DEV && ref.debugLabel
+      DEBUG && ref.debugLabel
     );
 
     tag = ref.tag = newTag;
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ export function childRefFor(_parentRef: Reference, path: string): Reference {
     if (isDict(parent)) {
       child = createUnboundRef(
         (parent as Record<string, unknown>)[path],
-        import.meta.env.DEV && `${parentRef.debugLabel}.${path}`
+        DEBUG && `${parentRef.debugLabel}.${path}`
       );
     } else {
       child = UNDEFINED_REFERENCE;
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ export function childRefFor(_parentRef: Reference, path: string): Reference {
       }
     );
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       child.debugLabel = `${parentRef.debugLabel}.${path}`;
     }
   }
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ export function childRefFromParts(root: Reference, parts: string[]): Reference {
 
 export let createDebugAliasRef: undefined | ((debugLabel: string, inner: Reference) => Reference);
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   createDebugAliasRef = (debugLabel: string, inner: Reference) => {
     const update = isUpdatableRef(inner) ? (value: unknown): void => updateRef(inner, value) : null;
     const ref = createComputeRef(() => valueForRef(inner), update);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json
index 60ea727ed5..87c5336f24 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/package.json
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@
     "@glimmer/validator": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/tracking": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/iterable-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/iterable-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/test/iterable-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/iterable-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts
index 40af397c1f..e7f7b21ae8 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/references-test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { GlobalContext } from '@glimmer/global-context';
 import { unwrap } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 import { testOverrideGlobalContext } from '@glimmer/global-context';
@@ -372,7 +373,7 @@ module('References', (hooks) => {
     });
   });
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     module('debugAliasRef', () => {
       test('debug alias refs are transparent', (assert) => {
         class Foo {
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..391482709e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// TODO: lets point everybody who uses this directly at glimmer/tracking
+export { tracked } from '@glimmer/tracking';
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/qunit.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/qunit.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/qunit.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/qunit.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/template.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/template.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/template.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/utils/template.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bootstrap.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bootstrap.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bootstrap.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bootstrap.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bounds.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bounds.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bounds.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/bounds.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/svg-inner-html-fix.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/svg-inner-html-fix.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/svg-inner-html-fix.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/svg-inner-html-fix.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/text-node-merging-fix.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/text-node-merging-fix.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/text-node-merging-fix.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compat/text-node-merging-fix.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/expressions/concat.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/expressions/concat.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/expressions/concat.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/expressions/concat.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/-debug-strip.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/-debug-strip.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/-debug-strip.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/-debug-strip.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/assert.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/assert.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/assert.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/assert.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts
index 03a8889b76..a6cf8724c0 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/component.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Bounds,
   CapabilityMask,
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_RESOLVE_DYNAMIC_COMPONENT_OP, (vm, { op1: _isStrict }) =>
   let definition: ComponentDefinition | CurriedValue;
 
   if (typeof component === 'string') {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && isStrict) {
+    if (DEBUG && isStrict) {
       throw new Error(
         `Attempted to resolve a dynamic component with a string definition, \`${component}\` in a strict mode template. In strict mode, using strings to resolve component definitions is prohibited. You can instead import the component definition and use it directly.`
       );
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_RESOLVE_CURRIED_COMPONENT_OP, (vm) => {
   let definition: CurriedValue | ComponentDefinition | null;
 
   if (
-    import.meta.env.DEV &&
+    DEBUG &&
     !(typeof value === 'function' || (typeof value === 'object' && value !== null))
   ) {
     throw new Error(
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_RESOLVE_CURRIED_COMPONENT_OP, (vm) => {
   } else {
     definition = constants.component(value as object, vm.getOwner(), true);
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && definition === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && definition === null) {
       throw new Error(
         `Expected a dynamic component definition, but received an object or function that did not have a component manager associated with it. The dynamic invocation was \`<${
           ref.debugLabel
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_REGISTER_COMPONENT_DESTRUCTOR_OP, (vm, { op1: register })
   let d = manager.getDestroyable(state);
 
   if (
-    import.meta.env.DEV &&
+    DEBUG &&
     !managerHasCapability(manager, capabilities, InternalComponentCapabilities.willDestroy) &&
     d !== null &&
     (typeof 'willDestroy') in d
@@ -433,7 +434,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_REGISTER_COMPONENT_DESTRUCTOR_OP, (vm, { op1: register })
 APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_BEGIN_COMPONENT_TRANSACTION_OP, (vm, { op1: register }) => {
   let name;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     let { definition, manager } = check(
       vm.fetchValue(check(register, CheckRegister)),
       CheckComponentInstance
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts
index 96702570e0..cecfe863fc 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/content.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import {
   CURRIED_COMPONENT,
   CURRIED_HELPER,
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ function toDynamicContentType(value: unknown) {
     return ContentType.Component;
   } else {
     if (
-      import.meta.env.DEV &&
+      DEBUG &&
       !isCurriedType(value, CURRIED_HELPER) &&
       !hasInternalHelperManager(value)
     ) {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/debugger.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/debugger.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/debugger.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/debugger.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts
index 774f359f75..9c0d378b12 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/dom.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CapturedPositionalArguments,
   Environment,
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_DYNAMIC_MODIFIER_OP, (vm) => {
     let manager = getInternalModifierManager(hostDefinition, true);
 
     if (manager === null) {
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+      if (DEBUG) {
         throw new Error(
           `Expected a dynamic modifier definition, but received an object or function that did not have a modifier manager associated with it. The dynamic invocation was \`{{${
             ref.debugLabel
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts
index c27b0ca519..326142fdc2 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/expressions.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CapturedPositionalArguments,
   CurriedType,
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ APPEND_OPCODES.add(VM_CURRY_OP, (vm, { op1: type, op2: _isStrict }) => {
 
   let isStrict = false;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     // strict check only happens in import.meta.env.DEV builds, no reason to load it otherwise
     isStrict = vm.constants.getValue<boolean>(decodeHandle(_isStrict));
   }
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/lists.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/lists.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/lists.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/lists.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/vm.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/vm.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/vm.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/compiled/opcodes/vm.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/interfaces.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/interfaces.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/interfaces.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/interfaces.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts
index aa0295c042..5287d0bdfa 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/resolve.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   ClassicResolver,
   ComponentDefinition,
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ export function resolveComponent(
       expect(owner, 'BUG: expected owner when looking up component')
     ) ?? null;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && !definition) {
+  if (DEBUG && !definition) {
     throw new Error(
       `Attempted to resolve \`${name}\`, which was expected to be a component, but nothing was found.`
     );
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/template-only.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/template-only.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/template-only.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/component/template-only.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/curried-value.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/curried-value.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/curried-value.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/curried-value.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts
similarity index 95%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts
index 34e970bcc8..2b167157d4 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/debug-render-tree.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   Bounds,
   CapturedRenderNode,
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ export class Ref<T extends object> {
   }
 
   release(): void {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && this.value === null) {
+    if (DEBUG && this.value === null) {
       throw new Error('BUG: double release?');
     }
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ export default class DebugRenderTreeImpl<TBucket extends object>
   }
 
   didRender(state: TBucket, bounds: Bounds): void {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && this.stack.current !== state) {
+    if (DEBUG && this.stack.current !== state) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string
       throw new Error(`BUG: expecting ${this.stack.current}, got ${state}`);
     }
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ export default class DebugRenderTreeImpl<TBucket extends object>
   }
 
   private exit(): void {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && this.stack.size === 0) {
+    if (DEBUG && this.stack.size === 0) {
       throw new Error('BUG: unbalanced pop');
     }
 
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ export default class DebugRenderTreeImpl<TBucket extends object>
   }
 
   private appendChild(node: InternalRenderNode<TBucket>, state: TBucket): void {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && this.refs.has(state)) {
+    if (DEBUG && this.refs.has(state)) {
       throw new Error('BUG: child already appended');
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/api.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/api.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/helper.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/helper.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/helper.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/helper.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/normalize.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/normalize.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/normalize.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/normalize.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/operations.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/operations.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/operations.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/operations.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/props.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/props.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/props.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/props.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/sanitized-values.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/sanitized-values.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/sanitized-values.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/dom/sanitized-values.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts
index 547c49b383..dfc6ad3a76 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/environment.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   ClassicResolver,
   ComponentInstanceWithCreate,
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ class TransactionImpl implements Transaction {
       if (modifierTag !== null) {
         let tag = track(
           () => manager.install(state),
-          import.meta.env.DEV &&
+          DEBUG &&
             `- While rendering:\n  (instance of a \`${
               definition.resolvedName || manager.getDebugName(definition.state)
             }\` modifier)`
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ class TransactionImpl implements Transaction {
       if (modifierTag !== null) {
         let tag = track(
           () => manager.update(state),
-          import.meta.env.DEV &&
+          DEBUG &&
             `- While rendering:\n  (instance of a \`${
               definition.resolvedName || manager.getDebugName(definition.state)
             }\` modifier)`
@@ -119,7 +120,7 @@ export class EnvironmentImpl implements Environment {
     } else if (options.document) {
       this.appendOperations = new DOMTreeConstruction(options.document);
       this.updateOperations = new DOMChangesImpl(options.document);
-    } else if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    } else if (DEBUG) {
       throw new Error('you must pass document or appendOperations to a new runtime');
     }
   }
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/array.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/array.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/array.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/array.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/concat.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/concat.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/concat.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/concat.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts
index d4bc174d83..1fbf2b8930 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/fn.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { AnyFn, CapturedArguments } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import type { Reference } from '@glimmer/reference';
 import { check } from '@glimmer/debug';
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ export const fn = internalHelper(({ positional }: CapturedArguments) => {
       return (...invocationArgs: unknown[]) => {
         let [fn, ...args] = reifyPositional(positional);
 
-        if (import.meta.env.DEV) assertCallbackIsFn(callbackRef);
+        if (DEBUG) assertCallbackIsFn(callbackRef);
 
         if (isInvokableRef(callbackRef)) {
           let value = args.length > 0 ? args[0] : invocationArgs[0];
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/get.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/get.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/get.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/get.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/hash.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/hash.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/hash.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/hash.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/internal-helper.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/internal-helper.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/internal-helper.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/internal-helper.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts
similarity index 87%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts
index 31f4d5ed63..14f952ea8d 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/helpers/invoke.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { Arguments, InternalHelperManager } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import type { Cache } from '@glimmer/validator';
 import { associateDestroyableChild, isDestroyed, isDestroying } from '@glimmer/destroyable';
@@ -7,13 +8,13 @@ import { createCache, getValue } from '@glimmer/validator';
 
 import { EMPTY_ARGS, EMPTY_NAMED, EMPTY_POSITIONAL } from '../vm/arguments';
 
-let ARGS_CACHES = import.meta.env.DEV
+let ARGS_CACHES = DEBUG
   ? new WeakMap<SimpleArgsProxy, Cache<Partial<Arguments>>>()
   : undefined;
 
 function getArgs(proxy: SimpleArgsProxy): Partial<Arguments> {
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
-  return getValue(import.meta.env.DEV ? ARGS_CACHES!.get(proxy)! : proxy.argsCache!)!;
+  return getValue(DEBUG ? ARGS_CACHES!.get(proxy)! : proxy.argsCache!)!;
 }
 
 class SimpleArgsProxy {
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ class SimpleArgsProxy {
   ) {
     let argsCache = createCache(() => computeArgs(context));
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       ARGS_CACHES!.set(this, argsCache);
       Object.freeze(this);
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ export function invokeHelper(
   computeArgs?: (context: object) => Partial<Arguments>
 ): Cache {
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition -- JS usage
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && (typeof context !== 'object' || context === null)) {
+  if (DEBUG && (typeof context !== 'object' || context === null)) {
     throw new Error(
       `Expected a context object to be passed as the first parameter to invokeHelper, got ${context}`
     );
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ export function invokeHelper(
 
   const internalManager = getInternalHelperManager(definition);
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && typeof internalManager === 'function') {
+  if (DEBUG && typeof internalManager === 'function') {
     throw new Error(
       'Found a helper manager, but it was an internal built-in helper manager. `invokeHelper` does not support internal helpers yet.'
     );
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ export function invokeHelper(
 
   if (hasValue(manager)) {
     cache = createCache(() => {
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && (isDestroying(cache) || isDestroyed(cache))) {
+      if (DEBUG && (isDestroying(cache) || isDestroyed(cache))) {
         throw new Error(
           `You attempted to get the value of a helper after the helper was destroyed, which is not allowed`
         );
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts
index 8941cda0c5..6f7c79b5c4 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/modifiers/on.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CapturedArguments,
   InternalModifierManager,
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ export class OnModifierState {
       }. While rendering:\n\n${args.positional[1]?.debugLabel ?? `{unlabeled value}`}`;
     }) as EventListener;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && args.positional.length !== 2) {
+    if (DEBUG && args.positional.length !== 2) {
       throw new Error(
         `You can only pass two positional arguments (event name and callback) to the \`on\` modifier, but you provided ${args.positional.length}. Consider using the \`fn\` helper to provide additional arguments to the \`on\` callback.`
       );
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ export class OnModifierState {
     let passive: boolean | undefined = undefined;
     let capture: boolean | undefined = undefined;
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       let { once: _once, passive: _passive, capture: _capture, ...extra } = reifyNamed(args.named);
 
       once = check(_once, CheckOr(CheckBoolean, CheckUndefined), (actual) => {
@@ -161,7 +162,7 @@ export class OnModifierState {
     if (shouldUpdate) {
       let callback = userProvidedCallback;
 
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+      if (DEBUG) {
         callback = userProvidedCallback.bind(untouchableContext);
 
         if (passive) {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/opcodes.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/opcodes.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/opcodes.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/opcodes.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/class-list.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/class-list.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/class-list.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/class-list.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts
index 385bf0e1cf..ab1e01433e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/references/curry-value.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CapturedArguments,
   ClassicResolver,
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ export default function createCurryRef(
       // Only components should enter this path, as helpers and modifiers do not
       // support string based resolution
 
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+      if (DEBUG) {
         if (isStrict) {
           throw new Error(
             `Attempted to resolve a dynamic component with a string definition, \`${value}\` in a strict mode template. In strict mode, using strings to resolve component definitions is prohibited. You can instead import the component definition and use it directly.`
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts
index 42da3cbe74..ea37563386 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/render.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   CompilableProgram,
   ComponentDefinitionState,
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ class TemplateIteratorImpl implements TemplateIterator {
   }
 
   sync(): RenderResult {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       return debug.runInTrackingTransaction!(() => this.vm.execute(), '- While rendering:');
     } else {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/scope.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/scope.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/scope.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/scope.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/symbols.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/symbols.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/symbols.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/symbols.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/upsert.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/upsert.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/upsert.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/upsert.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts
index 071117d5e0..5d43072ccf 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/append.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   BlockMetadata,
   CompilableTemplate,
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ export class VM {
     context: EvaluationContext,
     tree: TreeBuilder
   ) {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       assertGlobalContextWasSet!();
     }
@@ -723,7 +724,7 @@ export class VM {
   /// EXECUTION
 
   execute(initialize?: (vm: this) => void): RenderResult {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       let hasErrored = true;
       try {
         let value = this._execute(initialize);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts
index 1a4db437a1..02ad9ab9af 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/arguments.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   ArgumentError,
   BlockArguments,
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ export class NamedArgumentsImpl implements NamedArguments {
 
     let ref = stack.get<Reference>(idx, base);
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
       return createDebugAliasRef!(atNames ? name : `@${name}`, ref);
     } else {
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ export class NamedArgumentsImpl implements NamedArguments {
     let map = dict<Reference>();
 
     for (const [i, name] of enumerate(names)) {
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+      if (DEBUG) {
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
         map[name] = createDebugAliasRef!(`@${name}`, unwrap(references[i]));
       } else {
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts
index 392c51b22c..d38e139acb 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/attributes/dynamic.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   AttributeCursor,
   AttributeOperation,
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ export function dynamicAttribute(
   const { tagName, namespaceURI } = element;
   const attribute = { element, name: attr, namespace };
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && attr === 'style' && !isTrusting) {
+  if (DEBUG && attr === 'style' && !isTrusting) {
     return new DebugStyleAttributeManager(attribute);
   }
 
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ let DebugStyleAttributeManager: {
   new (attribute: AttributeCursor): AttributeOperation;
 };
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   DebugStyleAttributeManager = class extends SimpleDynamicAttribute {
     override set(dom: TreeBuilder, value: unknown, env: Environment): void {
       warnIfStyleNotTrusted(value);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/content/text.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/content/text.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/content/text.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/content/text.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/element-builder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/element-builder.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/element-builder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/element-builder.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/low-level.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/low-level.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/low-level.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/low-level.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/rehydrate-builder.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/rehydrate-builder.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/rehydrate-builder.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/rehydrate-builder.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/render-result.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/render-result.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/render-result.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/render-result.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/stack.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/stack.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/stack.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/stack.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts
index c0efef0644..06386416da 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/lib/vm/update.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   AppendingBlock,
   Bounds,
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export class UpdatingVM implements IUpdatingVM {
   }
 
   execute(opcodes: UpdatingOpcode[], handler: ExceptionHandler) {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       let hasErrored = true;
       try {
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json
index 87b4ab2a4f..af9ad93249 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/package.json
@@ -46,11 +46,10 @@
     "@glimmer/vm": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/constants": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/runtime/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/runtime/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/runtime/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/print.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/print.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/print.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/print.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/printer.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/printer.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/printer.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/printer.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/util.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/util.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/util.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/generation/util.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/get-template-locals.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/get-template-locals.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/get-template-locals.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/get-template-locals.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/keywords.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/keywords.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/keywords.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/keywords.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/handlebars-node-visitors.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/handlebars-node-visitors.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/handlebars-node-visitors.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/handlebars-node-visitors.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/tokenizer-event-handlers.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/tokenizer-event-handlers.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/tokenizer-event-handlers.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/parser/tokenizer-event-handlers.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/api.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/api.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/kinds.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/kinds.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/kinds.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/kinds.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/match.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/match.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/match.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/match.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/offset.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/offset.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/offset.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/offset.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/span.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/span.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/span.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/loc/span.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/location.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/location.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/location.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/location.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/slice.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/slice.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/slice.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/slice.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts
index fbd2aaffd7..8388e9550e 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/source.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { Nullable } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { localAssert, setLocalDebugType } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ export class Source {
       if (seenLines === line - 1) {
         if (seenChars + column > nextLine) return nextLine;
 
-        if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+        if (DEBUG) {
           let roundTrip = this.hbsPosFor(seenChars + column);
           localAssert(roundTrip !== null, `the returned offset failed to round-trip`);
           localAssert(
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span-list.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span-list.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span-list.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span-list.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/source/span.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/symbol-table.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/symbol-table.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/symbol-table.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/symbol-table.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/syntax-error.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/syntax-error.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/syntax-error.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/syntax-error.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/-index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/-index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/-index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/-index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/errors.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/errors.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/errors.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/errors.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/path.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/path.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/path.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/path.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/traverse.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/traverse.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/traverse.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/traverse.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/visitor.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/visitor.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/visitor.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/visitor.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/walker.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/walker.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/walker.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/traversal/walker.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/api.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/api.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/handlebars-ast.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/handlebars-ast.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/handlebars-ast.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/handlebars-ast.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/legacy-interop.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/legacy-interop.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/legacy-interop.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/legacy-interop.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/nodes-v1.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/nodes-v1.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/nodes-v1.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/nodes-v1.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/parser-builders.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/parser-builders.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/parser-builders.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/parser-builders.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/public-builders.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/public-builders.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/public-builders.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/public-builders.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/visitor-keys.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/visitor-keys.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/visitor-keys.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v1/visitor-keys.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/README.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/README.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/api.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/api.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/api.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/api.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/builders.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/builders.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/builders.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/builders.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/loose-resolution.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/loose-resolution.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/loose-resolution.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/loose-resolution.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/normalize.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/normalize.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/normalize.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/normalize.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/NAMING.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/NAMING.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/NAMING.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/NAMING.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/args.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/args.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/args.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/args.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ast.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ast.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ast.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ast.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/attr-block.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/attr-block.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/attr-block.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/attr-block.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/base.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/base.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/base.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/base.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/constants.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/constants.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/constants.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/constants.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/content.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/content.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/content.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/content.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/ASTv2.ebnf b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/ASTv2.ebnf
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/ASTv2.ebnf
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/ASTv2.ebnf
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/README.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/README.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/wfc.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/wfc.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/wfc.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/ebnf/wfc.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/expr.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/expr.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/expr.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/expr.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/internal-node.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/internal-node.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/internal-node.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/internal-node.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/node.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/node.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/node.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/node.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/refs.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/refs.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/refs.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/refs.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/resolution.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/resolution.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/resolution.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/objects/resolution.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/serialize.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/serialize.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/serialize.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/serialize.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/types.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/types.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/types.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/lib/v2/serialize/types.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json
index 04defa89f8..0231cddfe1 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/package.json
@@ -46,9 +46,8 @@
     "simple-html-tokenizer": "^0.5.11"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/builders-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/builders-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/builders-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/builders-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/generation/print-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/generation/print-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/generation/print-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/generation/print-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/legacy-interop-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/legacy-interop-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/legacy-interop-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/legacy-interop-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/loc-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/loc-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/loc-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/loc-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/location-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/location-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/location-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/location-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/parser-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/parser-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/parser-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/parser-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/plugin-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/plugin-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/plugin-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/plugin-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/public-api-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/public-api-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/public-api-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/public-api-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/support.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/support.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/support.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/support.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/template-locals-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/template-locals-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/template-locals-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/template-locals-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/manipulating-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/manipulating-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/manipulating-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/manipulating-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-keys-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-keys-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-keys-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-keys-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/visiting-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/walker-node-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/walker-node-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/walker-node-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/syntax/test/traversal/walker-node-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/tsconfig.test.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/tsconfig.test.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/tsconfig.test.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/tsconfig.test.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts
similarity index 56%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts
index e76dbf936d..96da361ca3 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { LOCAL_LOGGER, LOGGER } from './lib/local-logger';
 export * from './lib/array-utils';
 export { dict, isDict, isIndexable, StackImpl as Stack } from './lib/collections';
 export { beginTestSteps, endTestSteps, logStep, verifySteps } from './lib/debug-steps';
@@ -12,23 +13,7 @@ export * from './lib/string';
 
 export type FIXME<T, S extends string> = (T & S) | T;
 
-/**
- * This constant exists to make it easier to differentiate normal logs from
- * errant console.logs. LOCAL_LOGGER should only be used inside a
- * LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING check.
- *
- * It does not alleviate the need to check LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING, which is used
- * for stripping.
- */
-export const LOCAL_LOGGER = console;
-
-/**
- * This constant exists to make it easier to differentiate normal logs from
- * errant console.logs. LOGGER can be used outside of LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING checks,
- * and is meant to be used in the rare situation where a console.* call is
- * actually appropriate.
- */
-export const LOGGER = console;
+export { LOCAL_LOGGER, LOGGER };
 
 export function assertNever(value: never, desc = 'unexpected unreachable branch'): never {
   LOGGER.log('unreachable', value);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/array-utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/array-utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/array-utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/array-utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/collections.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/collections.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/collections.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/collections.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts
index bdd979af3b..60c029aecd 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/debug-steps.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import { expect, localAssert } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
 import { LOCAL_DEBUG, LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING } from '@glimmer/local-debug-flags';
 
-import { LOCAL_LOGGER } from '../index';
+import { LOCAL_LOGGER } from './local-logger';
 
 export let beginTestSteps: (() => void) | undefined;
 export let endTestSteps: (() => void) | undefined;
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/dom.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/dom.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/dom.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/dom.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/intern.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/intern.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/intern.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/intern.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/is-serialization-first-node.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/is-serialization-first-node.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/is-serialization-first-node.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/is-serialization-first-node.ts
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/local-logger.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/local-logger.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8d05ce595d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/local-logger.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/**
+ * This constant exists to make it easier to differentiate normal logs from
+ * errant console.logs. LOCAL_LOGGER should only be used inside a
+ * LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING check.
+ *
+ * It does not alleviate the need to check LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING, which is used
+ * for stripping.
+ */
+export const LOCAL_LOGGER = console;
+
+/**
+ * This constant exists to make it easier to differentiate normal logs from
+ * errant console.logs. LOGGER can be used outside of LOCAL_TRACE_LOGGING checks,
+ * and is meant to be used in the rare situation where a console.* call is
+ * actually appropriate.
+ */
+export const LOGGER = console;
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/object-utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/object-utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/object-utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/object-utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/string.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/string.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/lib/string.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/lib/string.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/package.json
similarity index 91%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/package.json
index 7111d6a8de..957ef20ae8 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/util/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/package.json
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/local-debug-flags": "workspace:*",
     "@types/qunit": "^2.19.12",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/test/object-utils-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/test/object-utils-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/test/object-utils-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/test/object-utils-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/util/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/util/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/util/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/array.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/array.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/array.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/array.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/map.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/map.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/map.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/map.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/object.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/object.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/object.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/object.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/set.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/set.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/set.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/set.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/types.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/types.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/types.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/types.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-map.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-map.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-map.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-map.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-set.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-set.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-set.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/collections/weak-set.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts
index 5616eb6fd2..6aa215bddc 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/debug.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion -- @fixme */
 import type { Tag } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { asPresentArray, getLast } from '@glimmer/debug-util';
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ interface Transaction {
   debugLabel?: string | undefined;
 }
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   let CONSUMED_TAGS: WeakMap<Tag, Transaction> | null = null;
 
   const TRANSACTION_STACK: Transaction[] = [];
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts
similarity index 94%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts
index 68ff0d94e8..56e30cc7be 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/meta.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { ConstantTag, UpdatableTag } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 
 import type { Indexable } from './utils';
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ export function dirtyTagFor<T extends object>(
   key: keyof T | string | symbol,
   meta?: TagMeta
 ): void {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && !isObjectLike(obj)) {
+  if (DEBUG && !isObjectLike(obj)) {
     throw new Error(`BUG: Can't update a tag for a primitive`);
   }
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ export function dirtyTagFor<T extends object>(
   let propertyTag = tags.get(key);
 
   if (propertyTag !== undefined) {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       unwrap(debug.assertTagNotConsumed)(propertyTag, obj, key);
     }
 
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracked-data.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracked-data.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracked-data.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracked-data.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts
similarity index 93%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts
index d212829127..d94ae456e6 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/tracking.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { Tag } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 
 import type { Revision } from './validators';
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ class Tracker {
 
     this.tags.add(tag);
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       unwrap(debug.markTagAsConsumed)(tag);
     }
 
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ export function beginTrackFrame(debuggingContext?: string | false): void {
 
   CURRENT_TRACKER = new Tracker();
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     unwrap(debug.beginTrackingTransaction)(debuggingContext);
   }
 }
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ export function beginTrackFrame(debuggingContext?: string | false): void {
 export function endTrackFrame(): Tag {
   let current = CURRENT_TRACKER;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     if (OPEN_TRACK_FRAMES.length === 0) {
       throw new Error('attempted to close a tracking frame, but one was not open');
     }
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ export function beginUntrackFrame(): void {
 }
 
 export function endUntrackFrame(): void {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && OPEN_TRACK_FRAMES.length === 0) {
+  if (DEBUG && OPEN_TRACK_FRAMES.length === 0) {
     throw new Error('attempted to close a tracking frame, but one was not open');
   }
 
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ export function resetTracking(): string | void {
 
   CURRENT_TRACKER = null;
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     return unwrap(debug.resetTrackingTransaction)();
   }
 }
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ interface InternalCache<T = unknown> {
 }
 
 export function createCache<T>(fn: () => T, debuggingLabel?: string | false): Cache<T> {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && !(typeof fn === 'function')) {
+  if (DEBUG && !(typeof fn === 'function')) {
     throw new Error(
       `createCache() must be passed a function as its first parameter. Called with: ${String(fn)}`
     );
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ export function createCache<T>(fn: () => T, debuggingLabel?: string | false): Ca
     [SNAPSHOT]: -1,
   };
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     cache[DEBUG_LABEL] = debuggingLabel;
   }
 
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ function assertCache<T>(
   value: Cache<T> | InternalCache<T>,
   fnName: string
 ): asserts value is InternalCache<T> {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && !(typeof value === 'object' && FN in value)) {
+  if (DEBUG && !(typeof value === 'object' && FN in value)) {
     throw new Error(
       `${fnName}() can only be used on an instance of a cache created with createCache(). Called with: ${String(
         // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string -- @fixme
@@ -212,7 +213,7 @@ function assertCache<T>(
 
 // replace this with `expect` when we can
 function assertTag(tag: Tag | undefined, cache: InternalCache): asserts tag is Tag {
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV && tag === undefined) {
+  if (DEBUG && tag === undefined) {
     throw new Error(
       `isConst() can only be used on a cache once getValue() has been called at least once. Called with cache function:\n\n${String(
         cache[FN]
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts
similarity index 96%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts
index 3669a9291a..53b59f4a27 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/lib/validators.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type {
   COMBINATOR_TAG_ID as ICOMBINATOR_TAG_ID,
   CONSTANT_TAG_ID as ICONSTANT_TAG_ID,
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ const TYPE: TagTypeSymbol = Symbol('TAG_TYPE') as TagTypeSymbol;
 // this is basically a const
 export let ALLOW_CYCLES: WeakMap<Tag, boolean> | undefined;
 
-if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+if (DEBUG) {
   ALLOW_CYCLES = new WeakMap();
 }
 
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ class MonomorphicTagImpl<T extends MonomorphicTagId = MonomorphicTagId> {
     let { lastChecked } = this;
 
     if (this.isUpdating) {
-      if (import.meta.env.DEV && !allowsCycles(this)) {
+      if (DEBUG && !allowsCycles(this)) {
         throw new Error('Cycles in tags are not allowed');
       }
 
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ class MonomorphicTagImpl<T extends MonomorphicTagId = MonomorphicTagId> {
   static updateTag(this: void, _tag: UpdatableTag, _subtag: Tag) {
     // catch bug by non-TS users
     // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && _tag[TYPE] !== UPDATABLE_TAG_ID) {
+    if (DEBUG && _tag[TYPE] !== UPDATABLE_TAG_ID) {
       throw new Error('Attempted to update a tag that was not updatable');
     }
 
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ class MonomorphicTagImpl<T extends MonomorphicTagId = MonomorphicTagId> {
     disableConsumptionAssertion?: boolean
   ) {
     if (
-      import.meta.env.DEV &&
+      DEBUG &&
       // catch bug by non-TS users
       // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unnecessary-condition
       !(tag[TYPE] === UPDATABLE_TAG_ID || tag[TYPE] === DIRYTABLE_TAG_ID)
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ class MonomorphicTagImpl<T extends MonomorphicTagId = MonomorphicTagId> {
       throw new Error('Attempted to dirty a tag that was not dirtyable');
     }
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV && disableConsumptionAssertion !== true) {
+    if (DEBUG && disableConsumptionAssertion !== true) {
       // Usually by this point, we've already asserted with better error information,
       // but this is our last line of defense.
       unwrap(debug.assertTagNotConsumed)(tag);
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json
similarity index 92%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json
index 992de71a88..356ae81350 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/package.json
@@ -38,9 +38,8 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@glimmer/debug-util": "workspace:*",
+    "@glimmer/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "expect-type": "^1.1.0",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/-utils.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/-utils.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/-utils.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/-utils.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/array-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/array-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/array-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/array-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/map-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/map-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/map-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/map-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/object-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/object-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/object-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/object-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/set-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/set-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/set-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/set-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-map-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/collections/weak-set-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/meta-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/meta-test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/meta-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/meta-test.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts
index 010d798e8a..63d905f918 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/tracking-test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import {
   beginTrackFrame,
   consumeTag,
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: tracking', () => {
       assert.notOk(isConst(nonConstCache), 'non-constant cache returns false');
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('createCache throws an error in import.meta.env.DEV mode if users to use with a non-function', (assert) => {
         assert.throws(
           /* eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any,
@@ -488,7 +489,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: tracking', () => {
       assert.notOk(validateTag(tag, snapshot));
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it errors when attempting to update a value already consumed in the same transaction', (assert) => {
         class Foo {
           foo = 123;
@@ -514,7 +515,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: tracking', () => {
     }
   });
 
-  if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+  if (DEBUG) {
     module('debug', () => {
       test('it errors when attempting to update a value that has already been consumed in the same transaction', (assert) => {
         let tag = createTag();
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts
index aa29d337b7..e9f3c6681f 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/validator/test/validators-test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DEBUG } from '@glimmer/env';
 import type { UpdatableTag } from '@glimmer/interfaces';
 import { testOverrideGlobalContext } from '@glimmer/global-context';
 import {
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
       assert.verifySteps(['scheduleRevalidate']);
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it cannot be updated', (assert) => {
         let tag = createTag();
         let subtag = createTag();
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
       assert.notOk(validateTag(tag, snapshot), 'tag is invalid after subtag is dirtied again');
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('does not allow cycles on tags that have not been marked with ALLOW_CYCLES', (assert) => {
         let tag = createUpdatableTag();
         let subtag = createUpdatableTag();
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
       assert.notOk(validateTag(combined, snapshot));
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it cannot be dirtied', (assert) => {
         let tag1 = createTag();
         let tag2 = createTag();
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
   });
 
   module('ConstantTag', () => {
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it cannot be dirtied', (assert) => {
         assert.throws(
           // @ts-expect-error this is an error condition
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
       assert.notOk(validateTag(combined, snapshot));
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it cannot be dirtied', (assert) => {
         assert.throws(
           // @ts-expect-error this is an error condition
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ module('@glimmer/validator: validators', () => {
       assert.notOk(validateTag(combined, snapshot));
     });
 
-    if (import.meta.env.DEV) {
+    if (DEBUG) {
       test('it cannot be dirtied', (assert) => {
         assert.throws(
           // @ts-expect-error this is an error condition
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/README.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/README.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/README.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/README.md
diff --git a/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..689cc2286e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
+
+const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
+
+export default function generateVmPlugins(options = {}) {
+  let isDebug = options.isDebug ?? true;
+
+  return [
+    [
+      require.resolve('babel-plugin-debug-macros'),
+      {
+        debugTools: {
+          source: '@glimmer/global-context',
+          isDebug,
+        },
+        externalizeHelpers: {
+          module: true,
+        },
+        flags: [{ source: '@glimmer/env', flags: { DEBUG: isDebug } }],
+      },
+      'glimmer-vm-debug-macros',
+    ],
+  ];
+}
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json
index 4b64c69b27..0e925d11de 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/package.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
   "author": "Tom Dale <tom@tomdale.net>",
   "private": false,
   "type": "module",
-  "exports": "./index.ts",
+  "exports": "./index.js",
   "publishConfig": {
     "access": "public",
     "exports": {
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@
     "babel-plugin-debug-macros": "^0.3.4"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "@types/node": "^22.13.4",
     "babel-plugin-tester": "^11.0.4",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/.eslintignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/.eslintignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/.eslintignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/.eslintignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/.babelrc.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/.babelrc.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/.babelrc.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/.babelrc.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/code.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/code.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/code.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/code.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/output.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/output.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/output.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/basic/output.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/.babelrc.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/.babelrc.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/.babelrc.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/.babelrc.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/code.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/code.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/code.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/code.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/output.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/output.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/output.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-false/output.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/.babelrc.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/.babelrc.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/.babelrc.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/.babelrc.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/code.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/code.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/code.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/code.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/output.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/output.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/output.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/fixtures/explicit-true/output.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/index.js b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/index.js
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/test/index.js
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/content.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/content.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/content.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/content.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/flags.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/flags.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/flags.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/flags.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/mnemonic_naming.md b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/mnemonic_naming.md
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/mnemonic_naming.md
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/mnemonic_naming.md
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/registers.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/registers.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/registers.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/lib/registers.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json
index 93df95d1bd..d925142ff7 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/package.json
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/vm/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/vm/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/.npmignore b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/.npmignore
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/.npmignore
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/.npmignore
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/index.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/index.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/index.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/index.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/opcodes.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/opcodes.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/opcodes.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/opcodes.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/resolution.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/resolution.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/resolution.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/resolution.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/well-known.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/well-known.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/well-known.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/lib/well-known.ts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json
index e94afbcfef..f402e3aef3 100644
--- a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json
+++ b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/package.json
@@ -37,8 +37,6 @@
     "@glimmer/interfaces": "workspace:*"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
-    "@glimmer-workspace/build-support": "workspace:*",
-    "@glimmer-workspace/env": "workspace:*",
     "eslint": "^9.20.1",
     "publint": "^0.3.2",
     "rollup": "^4.34.8",
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/rollup.config.mjs b/glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/rollup.config.mjs
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@glimmer/wire-format/rollup.config.mjs
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@glimmer/wire-format/rollup.config.mjs
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-community__eslint-plugin-eslint-comments/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-import/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/eslint-plugin-qunit/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@types/js-reporters/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/js-reporters/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/js-reporters/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/js-reporters/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@types/js-reporters/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/js-reporters/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/js-reporters/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/js-reporters/package.json
diff --git a/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/index.d.ts
diff --git a/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/package.json b/glimmer-vm/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/packages/@types/puppeteer-chromium-resolver/package.json
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/glimmer-vm/pnpm-lock.yaml
similarity index 100%
rename from pnpm-lock.yaml
rename to glimmer-vm/pnpm-lock.yaml
diff --git a/pnpm-workspace.yaml b/glimmer-vm/pnpm-workspace.yaml
similarity index 100%
rename from pnpm-workspace.yaml
rename to glimmer-vm/pnpm-workspace.yaml
diff --git a/repo-metadata/index.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/index.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/index.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/index.d.ts
diff --git a/repo-metadata/index.js b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/index.js
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/index.js
diff --git a/repo-metadata/lib/package-updater.ts b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/package-updater.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/lib/package-updater.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/package-updater.ts
diff --git a/repo-metadata/lib/types.d.ts b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/types.d.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/lib/types.d.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/types.d.ts
diff --git a/repo-metadata/lib/update.ts b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/update.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/lib/update.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/lib/update.ts
diff --git a/repo-metadata/metadata.json b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/metadata.json
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/metadata.json
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/metadata.json
diff --git a/repo-metadata/package.json b/glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from repo-metadata/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/repo-metadata/package.json
diff --git a/server/index.js b/glimmer-vm/server/index.js
similarity index 100%
rename from server/index.js
rename to glimmer-vm/server/index.js
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/.gitignore b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/.gitignore
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/.gitignore
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/.gitignore
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/package.json b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/package.json
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/package.json
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/package.json
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/setup.ts b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/setup.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/setup.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/setup.ts
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/tests/prettier.test.ts b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/tests/prettier.test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/tests/prettier.test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/tests/prettier.test.ts
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/tests/syntax.test.ts b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/tests/syntax.test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/tests/syntax.test.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/tests/syntax.test.ts
diff --git a/smoke-tests/node/vite.config.ts b/glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/vite.config.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from smoke-tests/node/vite.config.ts
rename to glimmer-vm/smoke-tests/node/vite.config.ts
diff --git a/test/index.html b/glimmer-vm/test/index.html
similarity index 100%
rename from test/index.html
rename to glimmer-vm/test/index.html
diff --git a/testem.js b/glimmer-vm/testem.js
similarity index 100%
rename from testem.js
rename to glimmer-vm/testem.js
diff --git a/turbo.json b/glimmer-vm/turbo.json
similarity index 100%
rename from turbo.json
rename to glimmer-vm/turbo.json
diff --git a/vite.config.mts b/glimmer-vm/vite.config.mts
similarity index 100%
rename from vite.config.mts
rename to glimmer-vm/vite.config.mts
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts b/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 8edd7fe4c2..0000000000
--- a/packages/@glimmer-workspace/integration-tests/lib/test-helpers/tracked.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-import { trackedData } from '@glimmer/validator';
-
-export function tracked(target: object, key: string) {
-  let { getter, setter } = trackedData<any, any>(key);
-
-  Object.defineProperty(target, key, {
-    get() {
-      return getter(this);
-    },
-
-    set(value: unknown) {
-      setter(this, value);
-    },
-  });
-}
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts b/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index d8d5f682a1..0000000000
--- a/packages/@glimmer/reference/test/support.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-import { trackedData } from '@glimmer/validator';
-
-export function tracked<T extends object, K extends keyof T>(
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-  obj: T | { new (...args: any[]): T },
-  key: K
-): void {
-  let target: T;
-  let initializer: (() => T[K]) | undefined;
-
-  if (typeof obj === 'function') {
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment
-    target = obj.prototype;
-  } else {
-    target = obj;
-    let initialValue = target[key];
-    initializer = () => initialValue;
-  }
-
-  let { getter, setter } = trackedData<T, K>(key, initializer);
-
-  Object.defineProperty(target, key, {
-    get(this: T) {
-      return getter(this);
-    },
-    set(this: T, value: T[K]) {
-      setter(this, value);
-    },
-  });
-}
diff --git a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.ts b/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e404b4241..0000000000
--- a/packages/@glimmer/vm-babel-plugins/index.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-import { createRequire } from 'node:module';
-
-const require = createRequire(import.meta.url);
-
-function defaultTo<T, U>(value: T, defaultVal: U): Exclude<T, undefined> | U {
-  return (value === undefined ? defaultVal : value) as Exclude<T, undefined> | U;
-}
-
-interface Options {
-  isDebug?: boolean;
-  __loadPlugins?: boolean;
-}
-
-export default function generateVmPlugins(
-  options: Options = {}
-  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports
-): import('@babel/core').PluginItem[] {
-  let isDebug = defaultTo(options.isDebug, true);
-  let __loadPlugins = defaultTo(options.__loadPlugins, false);
-
-  return [
-    [
-      __loadPlugins
-        ? require('babel-plugin-debug-macros')
-        : require.resolve('babel-plugin-debug-macros'),
-      {
-        debugTools: {
-          source: '@glimmer/global-context',
-          isDebug,
-        },
-        externalizeHelpers: {
-          module: true,
-        },
-        flags: [{ source: '@glimmer/env', flags: { DEBUG: isDebug } }],
-      },
-      'glimmer-vm-debug-macros',
-    ],
-  ];
-}
diff --git a/tsconfig.base.json b/tsconfig.base.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 8c9183e683..0000000000
--- a/tsconfig.base.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "compilerOptions": {
-    "composite": true,
-    "allowJs": true,
-    "checkJs": false,
-    "target": "ES2019",
-    "moduleResolution": "nodenext",
-    "module": "NodeNext",
-    "typeRoots": [],
-    "types": [],
-    "baseUrl": ".",
-    "skipLibCheck": true,
-    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
-    "esModuleInterop": true,
-    "emitDeclarationOnly": true,
-    "outDir": "ts-dist/build"
-  }
-}
diff --git a/tsconfig.dist.json b/tsconfig.dist.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f248181b7..0000000000
--- a/tsconfig.dist.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "compilerOptions": {
-    "composite": false,
-    "outDir": "ts-dist/dist",
-    "noEmit": true,
-    "target": "es2015",
-    "module": "esnext",
-    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
-    "lib": ["esnext", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
-    "types": ["node", "vite/client"],
-
-    "strict": true,
-    "suppressImplicitAnyIndexErrors": false,
-    "useDefineForClassFields": false,
-    "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true,
-    "noImplicitOverride": true,
-    "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true,
-    "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,
-    "baseUrl": ".",
-    "typeRoots": [],
-
-    "paths": {
-      "@glimmer/interfaces": ["./packages/@glimmer/interfaces/index.d.ts"],
-      "@glimmer/*": ["./packages/@glimmer/*/dist/dev/index.d.ts"]
-    }
-  },
-  "include": ["packages/@glimmer/*/dist/**/*.d.ts"],
-  "exclude": ["@types/**"]
-}
diff --git a/tsconfig.json b/tsconfig.json
deleted file mode 100644
index c0b5a690e7..0000000000
--- a/tsconfig.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "extends": "@tsconfig/strictest",
-  "compilerOptions": {
-    "allowJs": true,
-    "checkJs": true,
-    "noEmit": true,
-    "target": "esnext",
-    "moduleResolution": "bundler",
-    "module": "esnext",
-    "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
-    "allowArbitraryExtensions": true,
-    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
-    "noImplicitReturns": false,
-    "noUnusedLocals": false,
-    "stripInternal": true,
-    // TODO: Remove these and use the decorators manually to avoid infecting
-    // the entire codebase with legacy transpilation semantics.
-    "experimentalDecorators": true,
-    "useDefineForClassFields": false,
-    "outDir": "ts-dist",
-    "customConditions": ["@glimmer-vm/source"]
-  },
-  "files": ["eslint.config.js"],
-  "include": [
-    ".meta-updater/**/*",
-    "repo-metadata/**/*",
-    "packages/@glimmer/*/index.*",
-    "packages/@glimmer/*/lib/**/*",
-    "packages/@glimmer/*/test/**/*",
-    "packages/@glimmer-workspace/*/index.*",
-    "packages/@glimmer-workspace/*/lib/**/*",
-    "packages/@glimmer-workspace/eslint-plugin/lib/types.ts",
-    "packages/@glimmer-workspace/*/test/**/*",
-    "packages/@types/*/index.*",
-    "packages/@types/*/lib/**/*",
-    "benchmark/**/*",
-    "smoke-tests/**/*",
-    "bin/**/*",
-    "**/*.config.mts"
-  ],
-  "exclude": ["ts-dist", "**/dist/**", "**/node_modules/**", "**/fixtures/**"]
-}