Create functions_murad_maharramli.py

Week04/functions_murad_maharramli.py

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+import sys
+
+# 1. Lambda function with positional-only and positional-or-keyword arguments
+custom_power = lambda x=0, /, e=1: x ** e
+
+# 2. Function with strict argument rules, type hints, and a reST docstring
+def custom_equation(x: int = 0, y: int = 0, /, a: int = 1, b: int = 1, *, c: int = 1) -> float:
+    """
+    Calculates a custom equation based on the provided parameters.
+
+    :param x: First base (positional-only)
+    :param y: Second base (positional-only)
+    :param a: First exponent (positional-or-keyword)
+    :param b: Second exponent (positional-or-keyword)
+    :param c: Divisor (keyword-only)
+    :return: The result of the calculation as a float
+    """
+    return float((x ** a + y ** b) / c)
+
+# 3. Function that tracks its own calls and callers using function attributes
+def fn_w_counter() -> tuple:
+    # Get the name of the file/module that called this function
+    caller = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+
+    # Initialize attributes if they don't exist yet
+    if not hasattr(fn_w_counter, 'total_calls'):
+        fn_w_counter.total_calls = 0
+        fn_w_counter.callers = {}
+
+    # Update the counters
+    fn_w_counter.total_calls += 1
+    fn_w_counter.callers[caller] = fn_w_counter.callers.get(caller, 0) + 1
+
+    return fn_w_counter.total_calls, fn_w_counter.callers