async/stream/future support for wasmtime-wit-bindgen (#10044)

* async/stream/future support for wasmtime-wit-bindgen

I've split this out of #9582 to make review easier.

This patch adds async/stream/future/error-context support to the host binding
generator, along with placeholder type and function definitions in the
`wasmtime` crate which the generated bindings can refer to.  See
https://github.com/dicej/rfcs/blob/component-async/accepted/component-model-async.md#componentbindgen-updates
for the design and rationale.

Note that I've added temporary `[patch.crates-io]` overrides in Cargo.toml until
bytecodealliance/wit-bindgen#1130 and
bytecodealliance/wasm-tools#1978 have been released.

Also note that we emit a `T: 'static` bound for `AsContextMut<Data = T>` when
generating bindings with `concurrent_imports: true`.  This is only because
`rustc` insists that the closure we're passing to
`LinkerInstance::func_wrap_concurrent` captures the lifetime of `T` despite my
best efforts to convince it otherwise.  Alex and I suspect this is a limitation
in the compiler, and I asked about it on the rust-lang Zulip, but we haven't
been able to determine a workaround so far.

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

remove obsolete TODO comment

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

make `futures` dep optional

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

update `wasm-tools` and `wit-bindgen`

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

* run cargo vet

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Joel Dice <joel.dice@fermyon.com>

Author: dicej

Cargo.lock

@@ -294,20 +294,20 @@ io-lifetimes = { version = "2.0.3", default-features = false }
 io-extras = "0.18.1"
 rustix = "0.38.43"
 # wit-bindgen:
-wit-bindgen = { version = "0.37.0", default-features = false }
-wit-bindgen-rust-macro = { version = "0.37.0", default-features = false }
+wit-bindgen = { version = "0.38.0", default-features = false }
+wit-bindgen-rust-macro = { version = "0.38.0", default-features = false }
 
 # wasm-tools family:
-wasmparser = { version = "0.223.0", default-features = false, features = ['simd'] }
-wat = "1.223.0"
-wast = "223.0.0"
-wasmprinter = "0.223.0"
-wasm-encoder = "0.223.0"
-wasm-smith = "0.223.0"
-wasm-mutate = "0.223.0"
-wit-parser = "0.223.0"
-wit-component = "0.223.0"
-wasm-wave = "0.223.0"
+wasmparser = { version = "0.224.0", default-features = false, features = ['simd'] }
+wat = "1.224.0"
+wast = "224.0.0"
+wasmprinter = "0.224.0"
+wasm-encoder = "0.224.0"
+wasm-smith = "0.224.0"
+wasm-mutate = "0.224.0"
+wit-parser = "0.224.0"
+wit-component = "0.224.0"
+wasm-wave = "0.224.0"
 
 # Non-Bytecode Alliance maintained dependencies:
 # --------------------------

Cargo.toml

@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ wasmtime-wit-bindgen = { workspace = true }
 wit-parser = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-wasmtime = { path = '../wasmtime', features = ['component-model'] }
+wasmtime = { path = '../wasmtime', features = ['component-model', 'component-model-async'] }
+wasmtime-wit-bindgen = { workspace = true, features = ['component-model-async'] }
 component-macro-test-helpers = { path = 'test-helpers' }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 # For use with the custom attributes test
@@ -41,3 +42,4 @@ similar = { workspace = true }
 [features]
 async = []
 std = ['wasmtime-wit-bindgen/std']
+component-model-async = ['std', 'async', 'wasmtime-wit-bindgen/component-model-async']