diff --git a/src/libxrpl/tx/invariants/VaultInvariant.cpp b/src/libxrpl/tx/invariants/VaultInvariant.cpp
index a9ba0ec8746..4008dfd402e 100644
--- a/src/libxrpl/tx/invariants/VaultInvariant.cpp
+++ b/src/libxrpl/tx/invariants/VaultInvariant.cpp
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ ValidVault::finalize(
 
     if (afterVault.assetsAvailable < kZero)
     {
-        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets available must be positive";
+        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets available must not be negative";
         result = false;
     }
 
@@ -485,13 +485,13 @@ ValidVault::finalize(
 
     if (afterVault.assetsTotal < kZero)
     {
-        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets outstanding must be positive";
+        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets outstanding must not be negative";
         result = false;
     }
 
     if (afterVault.assetsMaximum < kZero)
     {
-        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets maximum must be positive";
+        JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: assets maximum must not be negative";
         result = false;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/lending/LoanPay.cpp b/src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/lending/LoanPay.cpp
index 0053ed496ee..a4ba4d30d53 100644
--- a/src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/lending/LoanPay.cpp
+++ b/src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/lending/LoanPay.cpp
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ LoanPay::doApply()
     XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(
         vaultBalanceAfter >= beast::kZero && brokerBalanceAfter >= beast::kZero,
         "xrpl::LoanPay::doApply",
-        "positive vault and broker balances");
+        "non-negative vault and broker balances");
     XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(
         vaultBalanceAfter >= vaultBalanceBefore,
         "xrpl::LoanPay::doApply",
diff --git a/src/test/app/Invariants_test.cpp b/src/test/app/Invariants_test.cpp
index eaf1f2704c8..5683ba0f2ad 100644
--- a/src/test/app/Invariants_test.cpp
+++ b/src/test/app/Invariants_test.cpp
@@ -3260,9 +3260,9 @@ class Invariants_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
              "set must not change assets available",
              "set must not change shares outstanding",
              "set must not change vault balance",
-             "assets available must be positive",
+             "assets available must not be negative",
              "assets available must not be greater than assets outstanding",
-             "assets outstanding must be positive"},
+             "assets outstanding must not be negative"},
             [&](Account const& a1, Account const& a2, ApplyContext& ac) {
                 auto const keylet = keylet::vault(a1.id(), ac.view().seq());
                 auto sleVault = ac.view().peek(keylet);
@@ -3389,7 +3389,7 @@ class Invariants_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             TxAccount::A2);
 
         doInvariantCheck(
-            {"assets maximum must be positive"},
+            {"assets maximum must not be negative"},
             [&](Account const& a1, Account const& a2, ApplyContext& ac) {
                 auto const keylet = keylet::vault(a1.id(), ac.view().seq());
                 return kAdjust(ac.view(), keylet, kArgs(a2.id(), 0, [&](Adjustments& sample) {
@@ -3577,7 +3577,7 @@ class Invariants_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
 
         doInvariantCheck(
             {
-                "assets maximum must be positive",
+                "assets maximum must not be negative",
                 "create operation must not have updated a vault",
             },
             [&](Account const& a1, Account const& a2, ApplyContext& ac) {