diff --git a/docs/docs/extraction/concepts.md b/docs/docs/extraction/concepts.md
index 4f18ba6c26..bb6ce80998 100644
--- a/docs/docs/extraction/concepts.md
+++ b/docs/docs/extraction/concepts.md
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ These terms appear throughout NeMo Retriever Library documentation.
 
 ## Job { #job }
 
-An **ingestion job** is a unit of work you run on input content (documents, audio, video, and other supported types). You submit jobs through the **ingestor Python API** (for example `Ingestor` task chains such as `.extract(...)`) or the **`retriever ingest` CLI**—not by posting a standalone JSON job document. Default tasks target strong recall; customize behavior with task keyword arguments (including chunking and splitting on `.extract()`) or custom UDF-style operations ([NeMo Retriever graph](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#nemo-retriever-graph)). Results are structured metadata and annotations (Ray Dataset, pandas `DataFrame`, or similar).
+An **ingestion job** is a unit of work you run on input content (documents, audio, video, and other supported types). You submit jobs through the **ingestor Python API** (for example `Ingestor` task chains such as `.extract(...)`) or the **`retriever ingest` CLI**—not by posting a standalone JSON job document. Default tasks target strong recall; customize behavior with task keyword arguments (including chunking and splitting on `.extract()`) or custom UDF-style operations. For UDFs and other extension paths, refer to [Customize & extend](customize-extend.md). Results are structured metadata and annotations (Ray Dataset, pandas `DataFrame`, or similar).
 
 ## Pipeline and tasks { #pipeline-and-tasks }
 
-NeMo Retriever Library does **not** run one static pipeline on every document. You configure **tasks** such as parsing, chunking, embedding, storage, and filtering per job. Related topics: [Extending/Customizing NeMo Retriever Library with custom code](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#nemo-retriever-graph).
+NeMo Retriever Library does **not** run one static pipeline on every document. You configure **tasks** such as parsing, chunking, embedding, storage, and filtering per job. For UDFs, custom graph stages, and other extension paths, refer to [Customize & extend](customize-extend.md).
 
 ## Extraction metadata { #extraction-metadata }
 
diff --git a/docs/docs/extraction/customize-extend.md b/docs/docs/extraction/customize-extend.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31fb87e7bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/docs/extraction/customize-extend.md
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Customize & extend
+
+NeMo Retriever Library ships with defaults tuned for strong recall on common document types. When those defaults are not enough, you can extend the library at several levels—from task keyword arguments on the fluent ingestor API through custom graph operators and vector-database adapters.
+
+Use this page to choose an extension path and find the detailed guides in the repository.
+
+The following table maps common needs to the right section:
+
+| If you need to… | Start here |
+|-----------------|------------|
+| Tune extraction, chunking, embedding, or upload without new code | [Start with task configuration](#start-with-task-configuration) |
+| Add a small Python transformation between pipeline stages | [User-defined functions (UDFs)](#user-defined-functions-udfs) |
+| Build or reuse operators stage-by-stage | [Custom graph pipelines](#custom-graph-pipelines) |
+| Store vectors in a backend other than LanceDB | [Custom vector databases](#custom-vector-databases) |
+
+## On this page { #on-this-page }
+
+- [Start with task configuration](#start-with-task-configuration)
+- [User-defined functions (UDFs)](#user-defined-functions-udfs)
+- [Custom graph pipelines](#custom-graph-pipelines)
+- [Custom vector databases](#custom-vector-databases)
+- [Related Topics](#related-topics)
+
+## Start with task configuration { #start-with-task-configuration }
+
+Most customization does not require new code. Chain tasks on `create_ingestor(...)` and pass keyword arguments to control extraction, chunking, embedding, and storage—for example `extract_method`, chunking and splitting options on `.extract()`, `embed_modality` on `.embed()`, and `vdb_op` / `vdb_kwargs` on `.vdb_upload()`.
+
+For parameter details, refer to the [Python API guide](nemo-retriever-api-reference.md). For chunking behavior and pipeline concepts, refer to [Concepts](concepts.md).
+
+## User-defined functions (UDFs) { #user-defined-functions-udfs }
+
+A **user-defined function (UDF)** wraps your Python logic as a first-class pipeline stage. In the graph model, `UDFOperator` turns a plain callable into an operator you can chain with built-in stages—for example to normalize HTML, apply a custom split, or call an external service between extract and embed steps.
+
+Use UDFs when you need a small, self-contained transformation that is not covered by task keyword arguments.
+
+### Repository guides
+
+- [NeMo Retriever graph README — `UDFOperator`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#using-udfoperator) — API, lifecycle, and when to use `UDFOperator` versus a custom operator class
+- [NimClient and custom NIM endpoints](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/nemo_retriever/developer_docs/nimclient.md#nimclient-and-custom-nim-endpoints) — call custom or self-hosted NIM microservices from UDF stages
+
+## Custom graph pipelines { #custom-graph-pipelines }
+
+When you need to compose pipelines stage-by-stage, reuse operators across workflows, or run the same graph in-process or with Ray Data, use the **graph execution model** instead of (or alongside) the fluent `GraphIngestor` API.
+
+The graph package provides `AbstractOperator`, executors (`InprocessExecutor`, `RayDataExecutor`), and operator chaining with `>>`. Built-in ingestion operators live under `nemo_retriever.operators`; you can add your own operators or UDF stages anywhere in the chain.
+
+For the full guide—including custom operator classes, executors, and graph shape constraints—refer to the [NeMo Retriever graph README](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#nemo-retriever-graph).
+
+## Custom vector databases { #custom-vector-databases }
+
+The supported user path for vector storage is **[LanceDB](vdbs.md)** (`vdb_op="lancedb"`). That page covers upload, semantic retrieval, metadata filtering, and LanceDB deployment characteristics.
+
+To integrate a different vector store, implement the [`VDB`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/common/vdb/adt_vdb.py) interface and wire it through graph [`IngestVdbOperator`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/operators/vdb.py) / [`RetrieveVdbOperator`](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/operators/vdb.py). NVIDIA validates the first-party LanceDB operator; you are responsible for testing and maintaining other backends.
+
+### Repository guides
+
+- [Vector DB package (source)](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/common/vdb) — `VDB` abstract base and LanceDB reference implementation
+
+Partner and blueprint integrations (Elasticsearch, Pinecone, Teradata, and others) are summarized on [Vector databases — Vector database partners](vdbs.md#vector-database-partners).
+
+## Related Topics { #related-topics }
+
+- [Concepts — Pipeline and tasks](concepts.md#pipeline-and-tasks)
+- [Vector databases](vdbs.md)
+- [Multimodal embeddings (VLM)](embedding.md)
+- [Python API guide](nemo-retriever-api-reference.md)
diff --git a/docs/docs/extraction/vdbs.md b/docs/docs/extraction/vdbs.md
index ccc9fb24f3..d1b6e4de1e 100644
--- a/docs/docs/extraction/vdbs.md
+++ b/docs/docs/extraction/vdbs.md
@@ -150,11 +150,12 @@ Testing and release cadence for these integrations follow the owning project (RA
 
     NVIDIA documents and validates the first-party LanceDB operator for this library. If you integrate a different vector store, you are responsible for testing and maintaining that integration.
 
-To implement a custom operator, follow the `VDB` abstract interface described in [Build a Custom Vector Database Operator](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/examples/building_vdb_operator.ipynb).
+To implement a custom operator, follow the `VDB` abstract interface described in [Build a Custom Vector Database Operator](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/examples/building_vdb_operator.ipynb). For an overview of all customization paths (UDFs, graph pipelines, and embeddings), refer to [Customize & extend](customize-extend.md).
 
 ## Related Topics { #related-topics }
 
 - [Metadata and filtering](#metadata-and-filtering)
+- [Customize & extend](customize-extend.md)
 - [Vector DB operators and LanceDB (source)](https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/common/vdb)
 - [Use the NeMo Retriever Library Python API](nemo-retriever-api-reference.md)
 - [Store Extracted Images](nemo-retriever-api-reference.md)
diff --git a/docs/mkdocs.yml b/docs/mkdocs.yml
index 4e23c7d0a6..57a3ea6d78 100644
--- a/docs/mkdocs.yml
+++ b/docs/mkdocs.yml
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ nav:
   - "7. Deployment & operations":
       - "Ray and distributed ingest": extraction/ray-logging.md
   - "8. Customize & extend":
-      - Extending/Customizing NeMo Retriever Library with custom code: https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#nemo-retriever-graph
+      - "Customize & extend": extraction/customize-extend.md
   - "9. Integrations & ecosystem":
       - "Starter kits": extraction/starter-kits.md
   - "10. Evaluation & benchmarks":
@@ -185,7 +185,10 @@ plugins:
         extraction/chunking.md: extraction/concepts.md#chunking
         extraction/quickstart-library-mode.md: extraction/deployment-options.md
         extraction/workflow-video-ocr.md: extraction/audio-video.md
-        extraction/user-defined-stages.md: https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/tree/main/nemo_retriever/src/nemo_retriever/graph#nemo-retriever-graph
+        extraction/user-defined-stages.md: extraction/customize-extend.md
+        extraction/user-defined-functions/index.md: extraction/customize-extend.md#user-defined-functions-udfs
+        extraction/user-defined-functions.md: extraction/customize-extend.md#user-defined-functions-udfs
+        extraction/customize-and-extend.md: extraction/customize-extend.md
         extraction/nimclient.md: https://github.com/NVIDIA/NeMo-Retriever/blob/main/nemo_retriever/developer_docs/nimclient.md#nimclient-and-custom-nim-endpoints
   - site-urls